Structural highlights
Disease
[DYHC1_MOUSE] Defects in Dync1h1 are the cause of the 'Legs at odd angles' (LOA) phenotype, an autosomal dominant trait where affected animals display unusual twisting of the body and clenching of the hindlimbs when suspended by the tail. Heterozygotes suffer age-related progressive loss of muscle tone and locomotor ability without major reduction in life-span while homozygotes show a more severe phenotype with an inability to move or feed, and die within 24 hours of birth. LOA mutants display defects in migration of facial motor neuron cell bodies and impaired retrograde transport in spinal cord motor neurons. Defects in Dync1h1 are the cause of the Cramping 1 (Cra1) phenotype, an autosomal dominant trait where affected animals display unusual twisting of the body and clenching of the hindlimbs when suspended by the tail. Heterozygotes suffer age-related progressive loss of muscle tone and locomotor ability without major reduction in life-span while homozygotes show a more severe phenotype with an inability to move or feed, and die within 24 hours of birth.
Function
[DYHC1_MOUSE] Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Dynein is a large microtubule-based motor complex that requires tight coupling of intra-molecular ATP hydrolysis with the generation of mechanical force and track-binding activity. However, the microtubule-binding domain is structurally separated by about 15nm from the nucleotide-binding sites by a coiled-coil stalk. Thus, long-range two-way communication is necessary for coordination between the catalytic cycle of ATP hydrolysis and dynein's track-binding affinities. To investigate the structural changes that occur in the dynein stalk region to produce two different microtubule affinities, here we improve the resolution limit of the previously reported structure of the entire stalk region and we investigate structural changes in the dynein stalk and strut/buttress regions by comparing currently available X-ray structures. In the light of recent crystal structures, the basis of the transition from the low-affinity to the high-affinity coiled-coil registry is discussed. A concerted movement model previously reported by Carter and Vale is modified more specifically, and we proposed it as the open zipper model.
Structural Change in the Dynein Stalk Region Associated with Two Different Affinities for the Microtubule.,Nishikawa Y, Inatomi M, Iwasaki H, Kurisu G J Mol Biol. 2015 Nov 14. pii: S0022-2836(15)00651-8. doi:, 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.11.008. PMID:26585405[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Nishikawa Y, Inatomi M, Iwasaki H, Kurisu G. Structural Change in the Dynein Stalk Region Associated with Two Different Affinities for the Microtubule. J Mol Biol. 2015 Nov 14. pii: S0022-2836(15)00651-8. doi:, 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.11.008. PMID:26585405 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2015.11.008
