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Botulinum neurotoxin
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'''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (residues 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. <ref>PMID:15907915</ref> The bacteria produces 8 neurotoxins which differ in their antigens.<br /> | '''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (residues 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. <ref>PMID:15907915</ref> The bacteria produces 8 neurotoxins which differ in their antigens.<br /> | ||
| - | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type A''' is the potent disease agent in botulism. See [[Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain]].<br /> | + | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type A''' is the potent disease agent in botulism. See [[Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain]] and [[Botulinum neurotoxin type A (Hebrew)]].<br /> |
*'''Botulinum neurotoxin type B''' is used for treatment of severe spasms in the neck muscles. See [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. <br /> | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type B''' is used for treatment of severe spasms in the neck muscles. See [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. <br /> | ||
*'''Botulinum neurotoxin type C''' induces apoptotic cell death in cerebellar neurons acting in birds, mammals and fish.<br /> | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type C''' induces apoptotic cell death in cerebellar neurons acting in birds, mammals and fish.<br /> | ||
Revision as of 17:38, 13 January 2017
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3D structures of botulinum neurotoxin
Updated on 13-January-2017
References
- ↑ Montecucco C, Molgo J. Botulinal neurotoxins: revival of an old killer. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;5(3):274-9. PMID:15907915 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2004.12.006
- ↑ Lacy DB, Tepp W, Cohen AC, DasGupta BR, Stevens RC. Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity. Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Oct;5(10):898-902. PMID:9783750 doi:10.1038/2338
