Structural highlights
Function
[CPXB_BACME] Functions as a fatty acid monooxygenase. Catalyzes hydroxylation of medium and long-chain fatty acids at omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 positions, with optimum chain lengths of 12-16 carbons (lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids). The reductase domain is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Cytochrome P450 BM3 (CYP 102A1) mutant M11 is able to metabolize a wide range of drugs and drug-like compounds. Among these, M11 was recently found to be able to catalyze formation of human metabolites of mefenamic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Interestingly, single active-site mutations such as V87I were reported to invert regioselectivity in NSAID hydroxylation. In this work we combine crystallography and molecular simulation to study the effect of single mutations on binding and regioselective metabolism of mefenamic acid by M11 mutants. The heme domain of the protein mutant M11 was expressed, purified and crystallized, and its X-ray structure was used as template for modeling. A multistep approach was used that combines molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and binding free-energy calculations to address protein flexibility. In this way, preferred binding modes that are consistent with oxidation at the experimentally observed sites of metabolism (SOMs) were identified. Whereas docking could not be used to retrospectively predict experimental trends in regioselectivity, we were able to rank binding modes in line with the preferred SOMs of mefenamic acid by M11 and its mutants by including protein flexibility and dynamics in free-energy computation. In addition we could obtain structural insights into the change in regioselectivity of mefenamic acid hydroxylation due to single active-site mutations. Our findings confirm that use of MD and binding free-energy calculation is useful for studying biocatalysis in those cases in which enzyme binding is a critical event in determining the selective metabolism of a substrate. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Insights into regioselective metabolism of mefenamic acid by Cytochrome P450 BM3 mutants through crystallography, docking, molecular dynamics, and free energy calculations.,Capoferri L, Leth R, Ter Haar E, Mohanty AK, Grootenhuis PD, Vottero E, Commandeur JN, Vermeulen NP, Jorgensen FS, Olsen L, Geerke DP Proteins. 2016 Jan 12. doi: 10.1002/prot.24985. PMID:26757175[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Capoferri L, Leth R, Ter Haar E, Mohanty AK, Grootenhuis PD, Vottero E, Commandeur JN, Vermeulen NP, Jorgensen FS, Olsen L, Geerke DP. Insights into regioselective metabolism of mefenamic acid by Cytochrome P450 BM3 mutants through crystallography, docking, molecular dynamics, and free energy calculations. Proteins. 2016 Jan 12. doi: 10.1002/prot.24985. PMID:26757175 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24985
