2dig

Structural highlights

Disease

[LBR_HUMAN] Defects in LBR are a cause of Pelger-Huet anomaly (PHA) [MIM:169400]. PHA is an autosomal dominant inherited abnormality of neutrophils, characterized by reduced nuclear segmentation and an apparently looser chromatin structure. Heterozygotes show hypolobulated neutrophil nuclei with coarse chromatin. Presumed homozygous individuals have ovoid neutrophil nuclei, as well as varying degrees of developmental delay, epilepsy, and skeletal abnormalities.^{[1] [2] [3]} Defects in LBR are the cause of hydrops-ectopic calcification-moth-eaten skeletal dysplasia (HEM) [MIM:215140]; also known as Greenberg skeletal dysplasia. HEM is a rare autosomal recessive chondrodystrophy characterized by early in utero lethality and, therefore, considered to be nonviable. Affected fetuses typically present with fetal hydrops, short-limbed dwarfism, and a marked disorganization of chondro-osseous calcification and may present with polydactyly and additional nonskeletal malformations.^{[4] [5]} Defects in LBR may be a cause of Reynolds syndrome (REYNS) [MIM:613471]. It is a syndrome specifically associating limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis and primary biliray cirrhosis. It is characterized by liver disease, telangiectasia, abrupt onset of digital paleness or cyanosis in response to cold exposure or stress (Raynaud phenomenon), and variable features of scleroderma. The liver disease is characterized by pruritis, jaundice, hepatomegaly, increased serum alkaline phosphatase and positive serum mitochondrial autoantibodies, all consistent with primary biliary cirrhosis.^{[6] [7] [8]}

Function

[LBR_HUMAN] Anchors the lamina and the heterochromatin to the inner nuclear membrane.^[9]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Hoffmann K, Dreger CK, Olins AL, Olins DE, Shultz LD, Lucke B, Karl H, Kaps R, Muller D, Vaya A, Aznar J, Ware RE, Sotelo Cruz N, Lindner TH, Herrmann H, Reis A, Sperling K. Mutations in the gene encoding the lamin B receptor produce an altered nuclear morphology in granulocytes (Pelger-Huet anomaly). Nat Genet. 2002 Aug;31(4):410-4. Epub 2002 Jul 15. PMID:12118250 doi:10.1038/ng925
2. ↑ Waterham HR, Koster J, Mooyer P, Noort Gv G, Kelley RI, Wilcox WR, Wanders RJ, Hennekam RC, Oosterwijk JC. Autosomal recessive HEM/Greenberg skeletal dysplasia is caused by 3 beta-hydroxysterol delta 14-reductase deficiency due to mutations in the lamin B receptor gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Apr;72(4):1013-7. Epub 2003 Feb 28. PMID:12618959
3. ↑ Best S, Salvati F, Kallo J, Garner C, Height S, Thein SL, Rees DC. Lamin B-receptor mutations in Pelger-Huet anomaly. Br J Haematol. 2003 Nov;123(3):542-4. PMID:14617022
4. ↑ Hoffmann K, Dreger CK, Olins AL, Olins DE, Shultz LD, Lucke B, Karl H, Kaps R, Muller D, Vaya A, Aznar J, Ware RE, Sotelo Cruz N, Lindner TH, Herrmann H, Reis A, Sperling K. Mutations in the gene encoding the lamin B receptor produce an altered nuclear morphology in granulocytes (Pelger-Huet anomaly). Nat Genet. 2002 Aug;31(4):410-4. Epub 2002 Jul 15. PMID:12118250 doi:10.1038/ng925
5. ↑ Waterham HR, Koster J, Mooyer P, Noort Gv G, Kelley RI, Wilcox WR, Wanders RJ, Hennekam RC, Oosterwijk JC. Autosomal recessive HEM/Greenberg skeletal dysplasia is caused by 3 beta-hydroxysterol delta 14-reductase deficiency due to mutations in the lamin B receptor gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Apr;72(4):1013-7. Epub 2003 Feb 28. PMID:12618959
6. ↑ Hoffmann K, Dreger CK, Olins AL, Olins DE, Shultz LD, Lucke B, Karl H, Kaps R, Muller D, Vaya A, Aznar J, Ware RE, Sotelo Cruz N, Lindner TH, Herrmann H, Reis A, Sperling K. Mutations in the gene encoding the lamin B receptor produce an altered nuclear morphology in granulocytes (Pelger-Huet anomaly). Nat Genet. 2002 Aug;31(4):410-4. Epub 2002 Jul 15. PMID:12118250 doi:10.1038/ng925
7. ↑ Waterham HR, Koster J, Mooyer P, Noort Gv G, Kelley RI, Wilcox WR, Wanders RJ, Hennekam RC, Oosterwijk JC. Autosomal recessive HEM/Greenberg skeletal dysplasia is caused by 3 beta-hydroxysterol delta 14-reductase deficiency due to mutations in the lamin B receptor gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Apr;72(4):1013-7. Epub 2003 Feb 28. PMID:12618959
8. ↑ Gaudy-Marqueste C, Roll P, Esteves-Vieira V, Weiller PJ, Grob JJ, Cau P, Levy N, De Sandre-Giovannoli A. LBR mutation and nuclear envelope defects in a patient affected with Reynolds syndrome. J Med Genet. 2010 Jun;47(6):361-70. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2009.071696. PMID:20522425 doi:10.1136/jmg.2009.071696
9. ↑ Duband-Goulet I, Courvalin JC. Inner nuclear membrane protein LBR preferentially interacts with DNA secondary structures and nucleosomal linker. Biochemistry. 2000 May 30;39(21):6483-8. PMID:10828963