Glutaminase
From Proteopedia
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
'''Glutaminase''' (GLN) catalyzes the conversion of glutamine (Gln) to glutamic acid (Glu). GLN is present at the axonal termini of neurons where GA functions as a neurotransmitter. ADP is an activator of GLN. GLN is a homodimer<ref>PMID:11533299</ref>. In human GLN is found as 2 isozymes – GLN and GLN 2. '''Glutaminase-asparaginase''' (GLN-ASN) can amidohydrolase both glutamine and asparagine to their corresponding Glu and Asp<ref>PMID:6838661</ref>. | '''Glutaminase''' (GLN) catalyzes the conversion of glutamine (Gln) to glutamic acid (Glu). GLN is present at the axonal termini of neurons where GA functions as a neurotransmitter. ADP is an activator of GLN. GLN is a homodimer<ref>PMID:11533299</ref>. In human GLN is found as 2 isozymes – GLN and GLN 2. '''Glutaminase-asparaginase''' (GLN-ASN) can amidohydrolase both glutamine and asparagine to their corresponding Glu and Asp<ref>PMID:6838661</ref>. | ||
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| + | ==Relevance== | ||
| + | Cancer cells show elevated GLN activity<ref>PMID:21234284</ref>. Hepatic GLN increases during starvation, diabetes and feeding a high protein diet while kidney-type GLN increases in kidney during metabolic acidosis<ref>PMID:8527215</ref>. | ||
==3D structures of glutaminase== | ==3D structures of glutaminase== | ||
Revision as of 11:14, 8 March 2016
Contents |
Function
Glutaminase (GLN) catalyzes the conversion of glutamine (Gln) to glutamic acid (Glu). GLN is present at the axonal termini of neurons where GA functions as a neurotransmitter. ADP is an activator of GLN. GLN is a homodimer[1]. In human GLN is found as 2 isozymes – GLN and GLN 2. Glutaminase-asparaginase (GLN-ASN) can amidohydrolase both glutamine and asparagine to their corresponding Glu and Asp[2].
Relevance
Cancer cells show elevated GLN activity[3]. Hepatic GLN increases during starvation, diabetes and feeding a high protein diet while kidney-type GLN increases in kidney during metabolic acidosis[4].
3D structures of glutaminase
Updated on 08-March-2016
References
- ↑ Curthoys NP. Role of mitochondrial glutaminase in rat renal glutamine metabolism. J Nutr. 2001 Sep;131(9 Suppl):2491S-5S; discussion 2496S-7S. PMID:11533299
- ↑ Steckel J, Roberts J, Philips FS, Chou TC. Kinetic properties and inhibition of Acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 Mar 15;32(6):971-7. PMID:6838661
- ↑ Erickson JW, Cerione RA. Glutaminase: a hot spot for regulation of cancer cell metabolism? Oncotarget. 2010 Dec;1(8):734-40. PMID:21234284 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.208
- ↑ Curthoys NP, Watford M. Regulation of glutaminase activity and glutamine metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr. 1995;15:133-59. PMID:8527215 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nu.15.070195.001025
Created with the participation of Lindsey Butler.
