GTP-binding protein

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[[Image:2nzj.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of GTP-binding protein Rem1 tetramer complex with nucleotide [[2nzj]]]]
[[Image:2nzj.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of GTP-binding protein Rem1 tetramer complex with nucleotide [[2nzj]]]]
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'''GTP-binding proteins''' or '''G proteins''' are transmitting signals outside the cell which cause changes within the cell. They act as molecular switches which are on when binding GTP and off when binding GDP. GTP-binding proteins belong to two families: '''heterotrimeric G proteins'''<ref>PMID:14762218</ref> and '''small GTPases'''<ref>PMID:11152757</ref>. See details on GTP-binding protein LepA in [[LepA]].
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== Function ==
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'''GTP-binding proteins''' or '''G proteins''' are transmitting signals outside the cell which cause changes within the cell. They act as molecular switches which are on when binding GTP and off when binding GDP. GTP-binding proteins belong to two families: '''heterotrimeric G proteins'''<ref>PMID:14762218</ref> and '''small GTPases'''<ref>PMID:11152757</ref>. The structure of small GTPase is homologous to that of the α subunit of heterotrimeric G protein. See details on GTP-binding protein LepA in [[LepA]].
<scene name='Template:GPCR3sn6/3sn6memrane/15'>An activated G protein-coupled receptor</scene> (human β-2 adrenergic receptor in blue ) in a complex with a heterotrimeric G protein (3 subunits:reddish to orange-brown) and hormone (gold) ([[3sn6]]), resolution 3.2&Aring;. The boundaries of the membrane in which the GPCR sits are represented in light green.
<scene name='Template:GPCR3sn6/3sn6memrane/15'>An activated G protein-coupled receptor</scene> (human β-2 adrenergic receptor in blue ) in a complex with a heterotrimeric G protein (3 subunits:reddish to orange-brown) and hormone (gold) ([[3sn6]]), resolution 3.2&Aring;. The boundaries of the membrane in which the GPCR sits are represented in light green.
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== Structural highlights ==
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''E. coli'' small GTPase ERA binds GDP in a cavity formed by 3 highly conserved regions<ref>PMID:19706445</ref>.
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Revision as of 09:48, 17 March 2016

E. coli small GTP-binding protein ERA complex with GDP, TRIS and sulfate (PDB code 3ieu)

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3D Structures of GTP-binding protein

Updated on 17-March-2016

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Preininger AM, Hamm HE. G protein signaling: insights from new structures. Sci STKE. 2004 Jan 27;2004(218):re3. PMID:14762218 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/stke.2182004re3
  2. ↑ Takai Y, Sasaki T, Matozaki T. Small GTP-binding proteins. Physiol Rev. 2001 Jan;81(1):153-208. PMID:11152757
  3. ↑ Tu C, Zhou X, Tropea JE, Austin BP, Waugh DS, Court DL, Ji X. Structure of ERA in complex with the 3' end of 16S rRNA: implications for ribosome biogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 1;106(35):14843-8. Epub 2009 Aug 17. PMID:19706445
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