GTP-binding protein

From Proteopedia

(Difference between revisions)

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 __TOC__
 == Function ==
-'''GTP-binding proteins''' or '''G proteins''' are transmitting signals outside the cell which cause changes within the cell.  They act as molecular switches which are on when binding GTP and off when binding GDP. GTP-binding proteins belong to two families: '''heterotrimeric G proteins'''<ref>PMID:14762218</ref> and '''small GTPases'''<ref>PMID:11152757</ref>.  The structure of small GTPase is homologous to that of the α subunit of heterotrimeric G protein.  See details on GTP-binding protein LepA in [[LepA]].
+'''GTP-binding proteins''' or '''G proteins''' are transmitting signals outside the cell which cause changes within the cell.  They act as molecular switches which are on when binding GTP and off when binding GDP. GTP-binding proteins belong to two families: '''heterotrimeric G proteins'''<ref>PMID:14762218</ref> and '''small GTPases'''<ref>PMID:11152757</ref>.  The structure of small GTPase is homologous to that of the α subunit of heterotrimeric G protein.  See details on small GTP-binding protein LepA in [[LepA]].
-<scene name='Template:GPCR3sn6/3sn6memrane/15'>An activated G protein-coupled receptor</scene> (human β-2 adrenergic receptor in blue ) in a complex with a heterotrimeric G protein (3 subunits:reddish to orange-brown) and hormone (gold) ([[3sn6]]), resolution 3.2&Aring;. The boundaries of the membrane in which the GPCR sits are represented in light green.
+'''Heterotrimeric G protein or guanine nucleotide-binding protein or G protein''' (GNBP) are heterodimeric membrane proteins composed of α, β and γ subunits.  GNBP is involved in mammalian cellular signaling pathways.  GNBP α subunit binds GDP or GTP.  When bound to GTP it dissociates from the β and γ subunits, binds to adenylate cyclase which converts ATP to cAMP.  See also<br />
+[[G protein-coupled receptor]]<br />
+[[Beta2 adrenergic receptor-Gs protein complex]].
 == Disease ==
@@ Line 253: / Line 255: @@
 See [[GTPase HRas]]
+*'''Heterotrimeric G protein'''
+*GNBP α subunit
+**[[1gia]], [[1gil]] – rGNBP + GSP – rat <br />
+**[[1gfi]], [[1gdd]], [[1bof]] – rGNBP + GDP  <br />
+**[[1cip]], [[1svs]] – rGNBP + GNP  <br />
+**[[1git]], [[1as3]], [[1svk]], [[3d7m]], [[2zjy]], [[2zjz]], [[3ffb]], [[4n0e]] – rGNBP (mutant) + GDP  <br />
+**[[1bh2]], [[3ffa]] – rGNBP (mutant) + GSP  <br />
+**[[3ums]], [[3umr]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GDP - human <br />
+**[[1as0]], [[4n0d]] – rGNBP (mutant) + GTPγS  <br />
+**[[1as2]] – rGNBP (mutant) + GDP + Pi<br />
+**[[3v00]] – rGNBP/bGNBP (mutant) + GDP  <br />
+**[[2xtz]] - GNBP + GDP derivative – ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' <br />
+*GNBP α subunit complex with protein
+**[[1agr]] – rGNBP + GDP  + regulator of G protein signalling<br />
+**[[1kjy]], [[2gtp]], [[2ik8]], [[2om2]], [[4g5q]], [[2ihb]], [[2ode]], [[2v4z]], [[3onw]] – hGNBP + GDP  + regulator of G protein signaling <br />
+**[[2om2]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GDP  + regulator of G protein signaling <br />
+**[[2xns]] – hGNBP + GDP  + regulator of G protein signaling peptide<br />
+**[[3qi2]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GDP  + regulator of G protein signaling peptide<br />
+**[[4g5o]], [[4g5r]], [[4g5s]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GDP  + G protein signaling modulator<br />
+**[[1shz]] – rGNBP/mGNBP + GDP  + ρ guanine nucleotide exchange factor<br />
+**[[1y3a]] – rGNBP + GDP  + Kb752 peptide<br />
+**[[3qe0]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GDP  + Kb752 peptide<br />
+**[[2g83]] – hGNBP + GDP  + Kb1753 peptide<br />
+**[[4g5o]], [[4g5r]], [[4g5s]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GDP  + G protein signaling modulator<br />
+**[[1cjk]], [[1cjt]], [[1cju]], [[1cjv]], [[1cs4]], [[1cul]] – hGNBP (mutant) + GTP derivative + adenylate cyclase<br />
+**[[1u0h]] – hGNBP + GTP derivative + adenylate cyclase<br />
+**[[2gvd]], [[2gvz]], [[3maa]] – bGNBP + ATP derivative + adenylate cyclase<br />
+**[[3g82]] – bGNBP + ITP derivative + adenylate cyclase<br />
+**[[3c14]], [[3c15]], [[3c16]] – bGNBP + PPi + adenylate cyclase<br />
+**[[1tl7]] – bGNBP (mutant) + GTP derivative + adenylate cyclase<br />
+**[[2rgn]] – mGNBP + RHOA exchange factor + transforming protein RHOA – mouse<br />
+**[[3cx8]] – mGNBP + GTP + RHOA exchange factor <br />
+**[[3c7k]] – mGNBP + GDP + regulator of G protein signaling <br />
+**[[4ekc]], [[4ekd]] – mGNBP (mutant) + GDP + regulator of G protein signaling <br />
+**[[3ohm]], [[4gnk]] – mGNBP + GDP + phospholipase C <br />
+*GNBP β subunit
+**[[2pbi]] – mGNBP + regulator of G protein signaling <br />
+*GNBP β+γ subunits
+**[[1omw]] – bGNBP + G protein coupled receptor kinase <br />
+**[[3v5w]] – bGNBP (mutant) + G protein coupled receptor kinase <br />
+**[[1xhm]] – bGNBP + peptide<br />
+**[[3krw]], [[3krx]] – bGNBP + balanol + β-adrenergic receptor kinase<br />
+**[[3psc]], [[3pvu]], [[3pvw]], [[4mk0]] – bGNBP + β-adrenergic receptor kinase<br />
+**[[3uzs]] – bGNBP + RNA + β-adrenergic receptor kinase<br />
+**[[4kfm]] – hGNBP + inward rectifier K+ channel<br />
+*GNBP α+β+γ subunits
+**[[1gg2]], [[1gp2]] – rGNBP (mutant) + GDP  <br />
+**[[1shz]] – rGNBP/mGNBP (mutant)+ GDP  + inhibitor<br />
+**[[2bcj]] – bGNBP (mutant) + G protein coupled receptor kinase <br />
+**[[3sn6]] – bGNBP (mutant) + lysozyme <br />
 }}

Revision as of 11:19, 17 March 2016

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E. coli small GTP-binding protein ERA complex with GDP, TRIS and sulfate (PDB code 3ieu)

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Image:2nzj.png

Crystal Structure of GTP-binding protein Rem1 tetramer complex with nucleotide 2nzj

1 Function
2 Disease
3 Structural highlights

Function

GTP-binding proteins or G proteins are transmitting signals outside the cell which cause changes within the cell. They act as molecular switches which are on when binding GTP and off when binding GDP. GTP-binding proteins belong to two families: heterotrimeric G proteins^[1] and small GTPases^[2]. The structure of small GTPase is homologous to that of the α subunit of heterotrimeric G protein. See details on small GTP-binding protein LepA in LepA.

Heterotrimeric G protein or guanine nucleotide-binding protein or G protein (GNBP) are heterodimeric membrane proteins composed of α, β and γ subunits. GNBP is involved in mammalian cellular signaling pathways. GNBP α subunit binds GDP or GTP. When bound to GTP it dissociates from the β and γ subunits, binds to adenylate cyclase which converts ATP to cAMP. See also

G protein-coupled receptor
Beta2 adrenergic receptor-Gs protein complex.

Disease

Mutations in heterotrimeric G protein α subunit were identified in endocrine tumors and in McCune-Albright syndrome^[3].

Structural highlights

E. coli small GTPase ERA binds GDP in a cavity formed by 3 highly conserved regions^[4].

3D Structures of GTP-binding protein

Updated on 17-March-2016

See GTPase HRas

References

↑ Preininger AM, Hamm HE. G protein signaling: insights from new structures. Sci STKE. 2004 Jan 27;2004(218):re3. PMID:14762218 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/stke.2182004re3
↑ Takai Y, Sasaki T, Matozaki T. Small GTP-binding proteins. Physiol Rev. 2001 Jan;81(1):153-208. PMID:11152757
↑ Lania A, Mantovani G, Spada A. G protein mutations in endocrine diseases. Eur J Endocrinol. 2001 Nov;145(5):543-59. PMID:11720871
↑ Tu C, Zhou X, Tropea JE, Austin BP, Waugh DS, Court DL, Ji X. Structure of ERA in complex with the 3' end of 16S rRNA: implications for ribosome biogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 1;106(35):14843-8. Epub 2009 Aug 17. PMID:19706445