Proteins: primary and secondary structure

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:*In this <scene name='60/603296/Primaria/2'>initial view</scene> we can see a short fragment of a polypeptide chain in order to analyze some features of its ''primary structure''. Atoms forming the chain ''backbone'' are disposed in zig-zag, as required by geometry of its bonding orbitals. Side chains of amino acid residues (or R groups) protrude outwards either side of backbone.
:*In this <scene name='60/603296/Primaria/2'>initial view</scene> we can see a short fragment of a polypeptide chain in order to analyze some features of its ''primary structure''. Atoms forming the chain ''backbone'' are disposed in zig-zag, as required by geometry of its bonding orbitals. Side chains of amino acid residues (or R groups) protrude outwards either side of backbone.
:*Let's go now to a <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/1'>peptide bond</scene> between two amino acid residues. Because phenomenon of resonance, peptide bond shows some features of a double bond, wich prevents free rotation of atoms on either bond side. So, six atoms marked in <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/7'>rectangle</scene> on model window are always confined to the same rigid flat. We can test it by <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/6'>activate rotation</scene>.
:*Let's go now to a <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/1'>peptide bond</scene> between two amino acid residues. Because phenomenon of resonance, peptide bond shows some features of a double bond, wich prevents free rotation of atoms on either bond side. So, six atoms marked in <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/7'>rectangle</scene> on model window are always confined to the same rigid flat. We can test it by <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/6'>activate rotation</scene>.
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:*Polypeptide chain backbone consist in a monotonous succession in wich the following sequenze repeats: <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/8'>Alfa Carbon</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/9'>Carboxyl group Carbon</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/11'>Amino group Nitrogen</scene>. Minding the restrictions to free rotation in ''peptide bond'', we can visualize the polypeptide chain as a succession of <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/12'>rigid flats</scene>. Each of these rigid flats can freely rotate respect each other.
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:*Polypeptide chain backbone consist in a monotonous succession in wich the following sequenze repeats: <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/8'>alfa Carbon</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/9'>carboxyl group Carbon</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/11'>amino group Nitrogen</scene>. Minding the restrictions to free rotation in ''peptide bond'', we can visualize the polypeptide chain as a succession of <scene name='60/603296/Primaria3/12'>rigid flats</scene>. Each of these rigid flats can freely rotate respect each other.
*'''Estructura secundaria'''.- Existen dos tipos principales de estructura secundaria presentes en la mayoría de las proteínas:
*'''Estructura secundaria'''.- Existen dos tipos principales de estructura secundaria presentes en la mayoría de las proteínas:

Revision as of 10:25, 21 March 2016

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References

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