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Sandbox Reserved 1174

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Revision as of 12:29, 22 March 2016

This Sandbox is Reserved from Jan 11 through August 12, 2016 for use in the course CH462 Central Metabolism taught by R. Jeremy Johnson at the Butler University, Indianapolis, USA. This reservation includes Sandbox Reserved 1160 through Sandbox Reserved 1184.

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Human Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1

This is a default text for your page '. Click above on edit this page' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.

You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia ^[1] or to the article describing Jmol ^[2] to the rescue.

1 Lysophosphatidic Acid
2 Function
3 Structure
- 3.1 Similarities to S1P
4 Clinical Relevance
5 Endocannabinoids

Lysophosphatidic Acid

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid signalling molecule that is present in nearly all cells, tissues, and fluids of the body. LPA is produced from extracellular lysophospholipids by the enzyme autotaxin, and it is derived from membrane glycerophospholipids by phospholipases. LPA interacts with at least six G protein-coupled receptors LPA1-LPA6.

Function

Human lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 is coupled to a heterotrimeric G protein. The three G alpha proteins that LPA1 couples to are Gi, Gq, and G12/13. The main function of the Gi alpha subunit is the inhibition of the production of cAMP from ATP. cAMP... The Gq alpha subunit activates phospholipase C. The G12/13 subunit regulates cell processes through the use of guanine nucleotide exchange factors.

LPA is part of the EDG family which includes the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors.

Targeted deletion of LPA receptors has had an effect on every organ system examined.

Structure

LPA1 is a 7 helical transmembrane protein.

There are many different stabilizing factors in the structure of this receptor.

Similarities to S1P

Clinical Relevance

Infertility

Fibrosis

Cancer

Endocannabinoids

The endocannabinoid system, located in the mammalian nervous system, regulates a variety of physiological processes including appetite, pain sensation, mood, and memory. Endocannabinoids, the natural ligands for cannabinoid receptors, are similar in structure to lysophosphatidic acid. Both the cannabinoid receptors and the LPA receptors have a preference for long unsaturated acyl chains.

References

↑ Hanson, R. M., Prilusky, J., Renjian, Z., Nakane, T. and Sussman, J. L. (2013), JSmol and the Next-Generation Web-Based Representation of 3D Molecular Structure as Applied to Proteopedia. Isr. J. Chem., 53:207-216. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201300024
↑ Herraez A. Biomolecules in the computer: Jmol to the rescue. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2006 Jul;34(4):255-61. doi: 10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644. PMID:21638687 doi:10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644

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 == Endocannabinoids ==
+The endocannabinoid system, located in the mammalian nervous system, regulates a variety of physiological processes including appetite, pain sensation, mood, and memory. Endocannabinoids, the natural ligands for cannabinoid receptors, are similar in structure to lysophosphatidic acid. Both the cannabinoid receptors and the LPA receptors have a preference for long unsaturated acyl chains.
 </StructureSection>
 == References ==
 <references/>