Structural highlights
Function
[LEG3_HUMAN] Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells.[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Galectin-1 and galectin-3 have roles in cancer and inflammation. Galectin-1 has recently emerged as a significant protein produced by tumour cells to promote tumour development, angiogenesis and metastasis and consequently represents an important target to inhibit. The design of inhibitors targeting the carbohydrate recognition domain that is known to recognise galactose is an important approach in the fight against cancer. Based on analysis of crystal structures, we pursued the concept that if the galactose were to be replaced with talose (the C2 epimer of galactose) as a scaffold, then O2 substituents would be directed closer to the protein surface and provide opportunity to design inhibitors that are more specific toward particular galectins. Our elucidation of X-ray crystal structures of two of our synthesised talosides in complex with galectin-1 and galectin-3 provide the first atomic information on the interactions of galectins, and indeed any protein, with talosides. These results have enabled a structure-based rationale for the specificity differences shown by galectin-1 and galectin-3 toward these talosides and demonstrate new opportunities for further exploitation as specific inhibitors of galectins.
Taloside inhibitors of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3.,Collins PM, Oberg CT, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ, Blanchard H Chem Biol Drug Des. 2011 Dec 3. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01283.x. PMID:22136701[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Fukushi J, Makagiansar IT, Stallcup WB. NG2 proteoglycan promotes endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis via engagement of galectin-3 and alpha3beta1 integrin. Mol Biol Cell. 2004 Aug;15(8):3580-90. Epub 2004 Jun 4. PMID:15181153 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E04-03-0236
- ↑ Henderson NC, Sethi T. The regulation of inflammation by galectin-3. Immunol Rev. 2009 Jul;230(1):160-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00794.x. PMID:19594635 doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00794.x
- ↑ Haudek KC, Spronk KJ, Voss PG, Patterson RJ, Wang JL, Arnoys EJ. Dynamics of galectin-3 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Feb;1800(2):181-189. Epub 2009 Jul 16. PMID:19616076 doi:S0304-4165(09)00194-9
- ↑ Collins PM, Oberg CT, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ, Blanchard H. Taloside inhibitors of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2011 Dec 3. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01283.x. PMID:22136701 doi:10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01283.x
