| Structural highlights
4n38 is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Ligands: | , , , |
| Related: | 4n32, 4n33, 4n34, 4n35, 4n36, 4n37 |
| Gene: | CD207, CLEC4K (HUMAN) |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Disease
[CLC4K_HUMAN] Defects in CD207 are the cause of Birbeck granule deficiency (BIRGD) [MIM:613393]. It is a condition characterized by the absence of Birbeck granules in epidermal Langerhans cells. Despite the lack of Birbeck granules Langerhans cells are present in normal numbers and have normal morphologic characteristics and antigen-presenting capacity.[1] [2]
Function
[CLC4K_HUMAN] Calcium-dependent lectin displaying mannose-binding specificity. Induces the formation of Birbeck granules (BGs); is a potent regulator of membrane superimposition and zippering. Binds to sulfated as well as mannosylated glycans, keratan sulfate (KS) and beta-glucans. Facilitates uptake of antigens and is involved in the routing and/or processing of antigen for presentation to T cells. Major receptor on primary Langerhans cells for Candida species, Saccharomyces species, and Malassezia furfur. Protects against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. Binds to high-mannose structures present on the envelope glycoprotein which is followed by subsequent targeting of the virus to the Birbeck granules leading to its rapid degradation.[3] [4] [5] [6]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Langerin, a C-type lectin on Langerhans cells, mediates carbohydrate-dependent uptake of pathogens in the first step of antigen presentation to the adaptive immune system. Langerin binds a diverse range of carbohydrates including high mannose structures, fucosylated blood group antigens and glycans with terminal 6-sulfated galactose. Mutagenesis and quantitative binding assays indicate that salt bridges between the sulfate group and two lysine residues compensate for the non-optimal binding of galactose at the primary Ca2+ site. A commonly occurring single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in human langerin results in change of one of these lysine residues, Lys313, to isoleucine. Glycan array screening reveals that this amino acid change abolishes binding to oligosaccharides with terminal 6SO4-Gal and enhances binding to oligosaccharides with terminal GlcNAc residues. Structural analysis shows that enhanced binding to GlcNAc may result from Ile313 packing against the N-acetyl group. The Lys313Ile polymorphism is tightly linked to another SNP that results in the change Asn288Asp, which reduces affinity for glycan ligands by destabilizing the Ca2+ binding site. Langerin with Asp288 and Ile313 shows no binding to 6SO4-Gal-terminated glycans and increased binding to GlcNAc-terminated structures, but overall decreased binding to glycans. Altered langerin function in individuals with the linked Asn288Asp and Lys313Ile polymorphisms may affect susceptibility to infection by micro-organisms.
Common polymorphisms in human langerin change specificity for glycan ligands.,Feinberg H, Rowntree TJ, Tan SL, Drickamer K, Weis WI, Taylor ME J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 11. PMID:24217250[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Verdijk P, Dijkman R, Plasmeijer EI, Mulder AA, Zoutman WH, Mieke Mommaas A, Tensen CP. A lack of Birbeck granules in Langerhans cells is associated with a naturally occurring point mutation in the human Langerin gene. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Apr;124(4):714-7. PMID:15816828 doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23645.x
- ↑ Ward EM, Stambach NS, Drickamer K, Taylor ME. Polymorphisms in human langerin affect stability and sugar binding activity. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jun 2;281(22):15450-6. Epub 2006 Mar 27. PMID:16567809 doi:10.1074/jbc.M511502200
- ↑ Valladeau J, Ravel O, Dezutter-Dambuyant C, Moore K, Kleijmeer M, Liu Y, Duvert-Frances V, Vincent C, Schmitt D, Davoust J, Caux C, Lebecque S, Saeland S. Langerin, a novel C-type lectin specific to Langerhans cells, is an endocytic receptor that induces the formation of Birbeck granules. Immunity. 2000 Jan;12(1):71-81. PMID:10661407
- ↑ de Witte L, Nabatov A, Pion M, Fluitsma D, de Jong MA, de Gruijl T, Piguet V, van Kooyk Y, Geijtenbeek TB. Langerin is a natural barrier to HIV-1 transmission by Langerhans cells. Nat Med. 2007 Mar;13(3):367-71. Epub 2007 Mar 4. PMID:17334373 doi:10.1038/nm1541
- ↑ Tateno H, Ohnishi K, Yabe R, Hayatsu N, Sato T, Takeya M, Narimatsu H, Hirabayashi J. Dual specificity of Langerin to sulfated and mannosylated glycans via a single C-type carbohydrate recognition domain. J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 26;285(9):6390-400. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.041863. Epub 2009, Dec 21. PMID:20026605 doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.041863
- ↑ de Jong MA, Vriend LE, Theelen B, Taylor ME, Fluitsma D, Boekhout T, Geijtenbeek TB. C-type lectin Langerin is a beta-glucan receptor on human Langerhans cells that recognizes opportunistic and pathogenic fungi. Mol Immunol. 2010 Mar;47(6):1216-25. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.016. Epub 2010, Jan 25. PMID:20097424 doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.016
- ↑ Feinberg H, Rowntree TJ, Tan SL, Drickamer K, Weis WI, Taylor ME. Common polymorphisms in human langerin change specificity for glycan ligands. J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 11. PMID:24217250 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.528000
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