Major capsid protein L1
From Proteopedia
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== Introduction== | == Introduction== | ||
| - | Gardasil 9 is a recombinant vaccine for the human papillomavirus and protects from the 9 most common forms that are known to cause the majority of HPV-related diseases and cancer. These types are 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. HPVs are the causative agents of human neoplasia such as warts and cancers <ref name="types">DOI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.016</ref>. The HPV vaccine is recommended for children ages 11 to 12 and is intended for females ages 9-25 and protects against cervical cancer, vulvar and vaginal cancer, anal cancer, and genital warts. The vaccine is also intended for males ages 9-26 and protects against anal cancer and genital warts <ref>https://www.gardasil9.com</ref>. Gardasil vaccine is made up of proteins that resemble the ones on the outside of an actual human papillomavirust <ref name="aus">http://www.hpvvaccine.org.au/the-hpv-vaccine/how-does-it-work.aspx</ref>.The main ingredient in Gardasil 9 is the<scene name='74/746002/L1_pentamer_structure/2'>L1 major capsid protein</scene> <ref name="L1">https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/19016</ref>. | + | Gardasil 9 is a recombinant vaccine for the human papillomavirus and protects from the 9 most common forms that are known to cause the majority of HPV-related diseases and cancer. These types are 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. HPVs are the causative agents of human neoplasia such as warts and cancers <ref name="types">DOI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.016</ref>. The HPV vaccine is recommended for children ages 11 to 12 and is intended for females ages 9-25 and protects against cervical cancer, vulvar and vaginal cancer, anal cancer, and genital warts. The vaccine is also intended for males ages 9-26 and protects against anal cancer and genital warts <ref>https://www.gardasil9.com</ref>. Gardasil vaccine is made up of proteins that resemble the ones on the outside of an actual human papillomavirust <ref name="aus">http://www.hpvvaccine.org.au/the-hpv-vaccine/how-does-it-work.aspx</ref>.The main ingredient in Gardasil 9 is the<scene name='74/746002/L1_pentamer_structure/2'> L1 major capsid protein</scene> <ref name="L1">https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/19016</ref>. |
== Function == | == Function == | ||
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HPV can be transmitted on fomites, with asymptomatic shedding promoting transmission. HPV can be acquired from direct contact with small breaks in the skin or mucosa, from sexual intercourse, or when an infant passes through an infected birth canal. | HPV can be transmitted on fomites, with asymptomatic shedding promoting transmission. HPV can be acquired from direct contact with small breaks in the skin or mucosa, from sexual intercourse, or when an infant passes through an infected birth canal. | ||
| - | Different HPV types are tissue specific, causing different disease presentations. That is why Gardasil targets nine different types of HPV: Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 <ref name="types"> . In particular, types 16 and 18 can trigger the development and late onset of cervical carcinoma, a cancer typically seen in sexually active females that is asymptomatic for several months and upwards to a decade before ultimately leading to infertility. HPV-6 and HPV-11 can also cause cervical carcinoma but are more renowned for causing condyloma acuminatum along with oral and laryngeal papillomas. HPV-31, HPV-33, HPV-45, HPV-52, and HPV-58 are all less common causative agents of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer. | + | Different HPV types are tissue specific, causing different disease presentations. That is why Gardasil targets nine different types of HPV: Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 <ref name="types"> .In particular, types 16 and 18 can trigger the development and late onset of cervical carcinoma, a cancer typically seen in sexually active females that is asymptomatic for several months and upwards to a decade before ultimately leading to infertility. HPV-6 and HPV-11 can also cause cervical carcinoma but are more renowned for causing condyloma acuminatum along with oral and laryngeal papillomas. HPV-31, HPV-33, HPV-45, HPV-52, and HPV-58 are all less common causative agents of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer. |
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 23:12, 15 November 2016
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zhai L, Tumban E. Gardasil-9: A global survey of projected efficacy. Antiviral Res. 2016 Jun;130:101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.016. Epub, 2016 Apr 1. PMID:27040313 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.016
- ↑ https://www.gardasil9.com
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 http://www.hpvvaccine.org.au/the-hpv-vaccine/how-does-it-work.aspx
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/19016
- ↑ Harper DM, Vierthaler SL, Santee JA. Review of Gardasil. J Vaccines Vaccin. 2010 Nov 23;1(107). pii: 1000107. PMID:23805398 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.1000107
- ↑ doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.77.8.4818-4826.2003
- ↑ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2013.05.038
- ↑ http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P03101
- ↑ https://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/g/gardasil/gardasil_ppi.pdf
- ↑ doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.3.4.4309
- ↑ http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/QuestionsaboutVaccines/ucm096052.htm
Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)
Morgan Smith, Michal Harel, Jessica Troutman., Maximillia Jackson., Jaime Prilusky
