Ribavirin

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Overview

Ribavirin was first synthesized in 1970 by ICN Pharmaceuticals (now “Valent International Pharmaceuticals”). In 1986, its first major use was the treatment of RSV (respiratory syncitial virus) infections in pediatric patients. Since its FDA approval in 1998, it has primarily been used as a component in treating Hepatitis C. The treatment was modified and approved in 2002 by the FDA by combining it with interferon alfa2b. (from “Gish” in general info)

Function

Disease

Mechanism

Structural highlights

The structure of ribavirin resembles the structure of the nucleoside guanosine. Like guanosine, ribavirin is also water soluble and is able to mimic other purines as well. However, a key difference between the structure of ribavirin and the purine nucleosides is that it’s heterocyclic base contains only one ring, as opposed to purines which have two. Despite this, it is able to go through similar mechanisms as that of nucleosides such as phosphorylating into a triphosphate. It’s structural similarity to the common nucleosides may suggest how the drug can inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis through purine mimicry.

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