4p3o

Publication Abstract from PubMed

The polyketide natural product borrelidin displays antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, insecticidal and herbicidal activities through the selective inhibition of threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS). How borrelidin simultaneously attenuates bacterial growth and suppresses a variety of infections in plants and animals is not known. Here we show, using X-ray crystal structures and functional analyses, that a single molecule of borrelidin simultaneously occupies four distinct subsites within the catalytic domain of bacterial and human ThrRSs. These include the three substrate-binding sites for amino acid, ATP and tRNA associated with aminoacylation, and a fourth 'orthogonal' subsite created as a consequence of binding. Thus, borrelidin competes with all three aminoacylation substrates, providing a potent and redundant mechanism to inhibit ThrRS during protein synthesis. These results highlight a surprising natural design to achieve the quadrivalent inhibition of translation through a highly conserved family of enzymes.

Structural basis for full-spectrum inhibition of translational functions on a tRNA synthetase.,Fang P, Yu X, Jeong SJ, Mirando A, Chen K, Chen X, Kim S, Francklyn CS, Guo M Nat Commun. 2015 Mar 31;6:6402. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7402. PMID:25824639^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.