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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Inhibition of human AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and BChE (butyrylcholinesterase) by an alkylammonium derivative of 6-methyluracil, C-547, a potential drug for the treatment of MG (myasthenia gravis) was studied. Kinetic analysis of AChE inhibition showed that C-547 is a slow-binding inhibitor of type B, i.e. after formation of the initial enzyme.inhibitor complex (Ki=140 pM), an induced-fit step allows establishment of the final complex (Ki*=22 pM). The estimated koff is low, 0.05 min(-1) On the other hand, reversible inhibition of human BChE is a fast-binding process of mixed-type (Ki=1.77 muM; Ki'=3.17 muM). The crystal structure of mouse AChE complexed with C-547 was solved at 3.13 A resolution. The complex is stabilized by cation-pi, stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations of the binding/dissociation processes of C-547 and C-35 (a non-charged analogue) to mouse and human AChEs were performed. Molecular modelling on mouse and human AChE showed that the slow step results from an enzyme conformational change that allows C-547 to cross the bottleneck in the active-site gorge, followed by formation of tight complex, as observed in the crystal structure. In contrast, the related non-charged compound C-35 is not a slow-binding inhibitor. It does not cross the bottleneck because it is not sensitive to the electrostatic driving force to reach the bottom of the gorge. Thus C-547 is one of the most potent and selective reversible inhibitors of AChE with a long residence time, tau=20 min, longer than for other reversible inhibitors used in the treatment of MG. This makes C-547 a promising drug for the treatment of this disease.

Slow-binding inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by an alkylammonium derivative of 6-methyluracil: mechanism and possible advantages for myasthenia gravis treatment.,Kharlamova AD, Lushchekina SV, Petrov KA, Kots ED, Nachon F, Villard-Wandhammer M, Zueva IV, Krejci E, Reznik VS, Zobov VV, Nikolsky EE, Masson P Biochem J. 2016 May 1;473(9):1225-36. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20160084. Epub 2016 Feb 29. PMID:26929400^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.