| Structural highlights
Function
[TRFL_BOVIN] Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate.[1] [2] Lactotransferrin has antimicrobial activity. The most effective inhibitory activity was seen against E.coli and P.aeruginosa.[3] [4] Lactoferricin B is an antimicrobial peptide. Inhibits the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.[5] [6] The lactotransferrin transferrin-like domain 1 functions as a serine protease of the peptidase S60 family that cuts arginine rich regions. This function contributes to the antimicrobial activity.[7] [8]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Bovine lactoferrin, a 76-kDa glycoprotein (Ala1-Arg689) consists of two similar N- and C-terminal molecular halves with the ability to bind two Fe(3+) ions. The N-terminal half, designated as the N-lobe (Ala1-Arg341) and the C-terminal half designated as the C-lobe (Tyr342-Arg689) have similar iron-binding properties, but the resistant C-lobe prolongs the physiological role of bovine lactoferrin in the digestive tract. Here, we report the crystal structure of true C-lobe, which was produced by limited proteolysis of bovine lactoferrin using trypsin. In the first proteolysis step, two fragments of 21 kDa (Glu86-Lys282) and 45 kDa (Ser283-Arg689) were generated because two lysine residues, Lys85 and Lys282, in the structure of iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin were fully exposed. The 45-kDa fragment was further digested at the newly exposed side chain of Arg341, generating a 38-kDa perfect C-lobe (Tyr342-Arg689). By contrast, the apo-lactoferrin was cut by trypsin only at Arg341, which was exposed in the structure of apo-lactoferrin, whereas the other two sites with Lys85 and Lys282 are inaccessible. The purified iron-saturated C-lobe was crystallized at pH 4.0. The structure was determined by the molecular replacement method using coordinates of the C-terminal half (Arg342-Arg689) of intact camel apo-lactoferrin. The structure determination revealed that the iron atom was absent and the iron-binding cleft was found in a wide-open conformation, whereas in the previously determined structure of iron-saturated C-lobe of bovine lactoferrin, the iron atom was present and the iron-binding site was in the closed confirmation. STRUCTURED DIGITAL ABSTRACT: trypsin cleaves lactoferrin by enzymatic study ( View interaction).
Structure of the iron-free true C-terminal half of bovine lactoferrin produced by tryptic digestion and its functional significance in the gut.,Rastogi N, Singh A, Pandey SN, Sinha M, Bhushan A, Kaur P, Sharma S, Singh TP FEBS J. 2014 Jun;281(12):2871-82. doi: 10.1111/febs.12827. Epub 2014 May 16. PMID:24798798[9]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Hoek KS, Milne JM, Grieve PA, Dionysius DA, Smith R. Antibacterial activity in bovine lactoferrin-derived peptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jan;41(1):54-9. PMID:8980754
- ↑ Massucci MT, Giansanti F, Di Nino G, Turacchio M, Giardi MF, Botti D, Ippoliti R, De Giulio B, Siciliano RA, Donnarumma G, Valenti P, Bocedi A, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P, Antonini G. Proteolytic activity of bovine lactoferrin. Biometals. 2004 Jun;17(3):249-55. PMID:15222473
- ↑ Hoek KS, Milne JM, Grieve PA, Dionysius DA, Smith R. Antibacterial activity in bovine lactoferrin-derived peptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jan;41(1):54-9. PMID:8980754
- ↑ Massucci MT, Giansanti F, Di Nino G, Turacchio M, Giardi MF, Botti D, Ippoliti R, De Giulio B, Siciliano RA, Donnarumma G, Valenti P, Bocedi A, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P, Antonini G. Proteolytic activity of bovine lactoferrin. Biometals. 2004 Jun;17(3):249-55. PMID:15222473
- ↑ Hoek KS, Milne JM, Grieve PA, Dionysius DA, Smith R. Antibacterial activity in bovine lactoferrin-derived peptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jan;41(1):54-9. PMID:8980754
- ↑ Massucci MT, Giansanti F, Di Nino G, Turacchio M, Giardi MF, Botti D, Ippoliti R, De Giulio B, Siciliano RA, Donnarumma G, Valenti P, Bocedi A, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P, Antonini G. Proteolytic activity of bovine lactoferrin. Biometals. 2004 Jun;17(3):249-55. PMID:15222473
- ↑ Hoek KS, Milne JM, Grieve PA, Dionysius DA, Smith R. Antibacterial activity in bovine lactoferrin-derived peptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jan;41(1):54-9. PMID:8980754
- ↑ Massucci MT, Giansanti F, Di Nino G, Turacchio M, Giardi MF, Botti D, Ippoliti R, De Giulio B, Siciliano RA, Donnarumma G, Valenti P, Bocedi A, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P, Antonini G. Proteolytic activity of bovine lactoferrin. Biometals. 2004 Jun;17(3):249-55. PMID:15222473
- ↑ Rastogi N, Singh A, Pandey SN, Sinha M, Bhushan A, Kaur P, Sharma S, Singh TP. Structure of the iron-free true C-terminal half of bovine lactoferrin produced by tryptic digestion and its functional significance in the gut. FEBS J. 2014 Jun;281(12):2871-82. doi: 10.1111/febs.12827. Epub 2014 May 16. PMID:24798798 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.12827
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