| Structural highlights
5thj is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Ligands: | , , , , , |
| Related: | 5thi, 5thn, 5ti0, 5th4 |
| Gene: | CA2 (HUMAN) |
| Activity: | Carbonate dehydratase, with EC number 4.2.1.1 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Disease
[CAH2_HUMAN] Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730]; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Function
[CAH2_HUMAN] Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The inhibition and binding of three metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs), 2-hydroxycyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one (tropolone), 2-mercaptopyridine-N-oxide (1,2-HOPTO), and 2-hydroxycyclohepta-2,4,6-triene-1-thione (thiotropolone) to human carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) and a mutant protein hCAII L198G were investigated. These MBPs displayed bidentate coordination to the active site Zn(II) metal ion, but the MBPs respond to the mutation of L198G differently, as characterized by inhibition activity assays and X-ray crystallography. The L198G mutation increases the active site volume thereby decreasing the steric pressure exerted on MBPs upon binding, allowing changes in MBP coordination to be observed. When comparing the binding mode of tropolone to thiotropolone or 1,2-HOPTO (O,O versus O,S donor sets), structural modifications of the hCAII active site were shown to have a stronger effect on MBPs with an O,O versus O,S donor set. These findings were corroborated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations of model coordination complexes. These results suggest that the MBP binding geometry is a malleable interaction, particularly for certain ligands, and that the identity of the donor atoms influences the response of the ligand to changes in the protein active site environment. Understanding underlying interactions between a MBP and a metalloenzyme active site may aid in the design and development of potent metalloenzyme inhibitors.
Effect of donor atom identity on metal-binding pharmacophore coordination.,Dick BL, Patel A, McCammon JA, Cohen SM J Biol Inorg Chem. 2017 Apr 7. doi: 10.1007/s00775-017-1454-3. PMID:28389830[8]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Venta PJ, Welty RJ, Johnson TM, Sly WS, Tashian RE. Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome in a Belgian family is caused by a point mutation at an invariant histidine residue (107 His----Tyr): complete structure of the normal human CA II gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Nov;49(5):1082-90. PMID:1928091
- ↑ Roth DE, Venta PJ, Tashian RE, Sly WS. Molecular basis of human carbonic anhydrase II deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Mar 1;89(5):1804-8. PMID:1542674
- ↑ Soda H, Yukizane S, Yoshida I, Koga Y, Aramaki S, Kato H. A point mutation in exon 3 (His 107-->Tyr) in two unrelated Japanese patients with carbonic anhydrase II deficiency with central nervous system involvement. Hum Genet. 1996 Apr;97(4):435-7. PMID:8834238
- ↑ Hu PY, Lim EJ, Ciccolella J, Strisciuglio P, Sly WS. Seven novel mutations in carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome identified by SSCP and direct sequencing analysis. Hum Mutat. 1997;9(5):383-7. PMID:9143915 doi:<383::AID-HUMU1>3.0.CO;2-5 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:5<383::AID-HUMU1>3.0.CO;2-5
- ↑ Shah GN, Bonapace G, Hu PY, Strisciuglio P, Sly WS. Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome (osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and brain calcification): novel mutations in CA2 identified by direct sequencing expand the opportunity for genotype-phenotype correlation. Hum Mutat. 2004 Sep;24(3):272. PMID:15300855 doi:10.1002/humu.9266
- ↑ Briganti F, Mangani S, Scozzafava A, Vernaglione G, Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes cyanamide hydration to urea: is it mimicking the physiological reaction? J Biol Inorg Chem. 1999 Oct;4(5):528-36. PMID:10550681
- ↑ Kim CY, Whittington DA, Chang JS, Liao J, May JA, Christianson DW. Structural aspects of isozyme selectivity in the binding of inhibitors to carbonic anhydrases II and IV. J Med Chem. 2002 Feb 14;45(4):888-93. PMID:11831900
- ↑ Dick BL, Patel A, McCammon JA, Cohen SM. Effect of donor atom identity on metal-binding pharmacophore coordination. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2017 Apr 7. doi: 10.1007/s00775-017-1454-3. PMID:28389830 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-017-1454-3
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