Structural highlights
Function
[VP1_POVBK] Forms an icosahedral capsid with a T=7 symmetry and a 50 nm diameter. The capsid is composed of 72 pentamers linked to each other by disulfide bonds and associated with VP2 or VP3 proteins. Interacts with gangliosides GT1b and GD1b containing terminal alpha(2-8)-linked sialic acids on the cell surface to provide virion attachment to target cell. This attachment induces virion internalization predominantly through caveolin-mediated endocytosis and traffics to the endoplasmic reticulum. Inside the endoplasmic reticulum, the protein folding machinery isomerizes VP1 interpentamer disulfide bonds, thereby triggering initial uncoating. Next, the virion uses the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation machinery to probably translocate in the cytosol before reaching the nucleus. Nuclear entry of the viral DNA involves the selective exposure and importin recognition of VP2/Vp3 nuclear localization signal. In late phase of infection, neo-synthesized VP1 encapsulates replicated genomic DNA in the nucleus, and participates in rearranging nucleosomes around the viral DNA (By similarity).[1] [2]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
BK polyomavirus is the causative agent of several diseases in transplant patients and the immunosuppressed. In order to better understand the structure and life cycle of BK, we produced infectious virions and VP1-only virus-like particles in cell culture, and determined their three-dimensional structures using cryo-electron microscopy (EM) and single-particle image processing. The resulting 7.6-A resolution structure of BK and 9.1-A resolution of the virus-like particles are the highest-resolution cryo-EM structures of any polyomavirus. These structures confirm that the architecture of the major structural protein components of these human polyomaviruses are similar to previous structures from other hosts, but give new insight into the location and role of the enigmatic minor structural proteins, VP2 and VP3. We also observe two shells of electron density, which we attribute to a structurally ordered part of the viral genome, and discrete contacts between this density and both VP1 and the minor capsid proteins.
New Structural Insights into the Genome and Minor Capsid Proteins of BK Polyomavirus using Cryo-Electron Microscopy.,Hurdiss DL, Morgan EL, Thompson RF, Prescott EL, Panou MM, Macdonald A, Ranson NA Structure. 2016 Apr 5;24(4):528-36. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2016.02.008. Epub 2016 Mar, 17. PMID:26996963[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Eash S, Querbes W, Atwood WJ. Infection of vero cells by BK virus is dependent on caveolae. J Virol. 2004 Nov;78(21):11583-90. PMID:15479799 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.78.21.11583-11590.2004
- ↑ Low JA, Magnuson B, Tsai B, Imperiale MJ. Identification of gangliosides GD1b and GT1b as receptors for BK virus. J Virol. 2006 Feb;80(3):1361-6. PMID:16415013 doi:http://dx.doi.org/80/3/1361
- ↑ Hurdiss DL, Morgan EL, Thompson RF, Prescott EL, Panou MM, Macdonald A, Ranson NA. New Structural Insights into the Genome and Minor Capsid Proteins of BK Polyomavirus using Cryo-Electron Microscopy. Structure. 2016 Apr 5;24(4):528-36. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2016.02.008. Epub 2016 Mar, 17. PMID:26996963 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2016.02.008
