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Aldehyde dehydrogenase
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'''Aldehyde dehydrogenase''' (ALDH) converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids while reducing NAD+ to NADH. In mammals there are 3 classes of ALDH and each contain constitutive and inducible forms.<br /> | '''Aldehyde dehydrogenase''' (ALDH) converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids while reducing NAD+ to NADH. In mammals there are 3 classes of ALDH and each contain constitutive and inducible forms.<br /> | ||
* '''ALDH class 1''' is cytosolic.<br /> | * '''ALDH class 1''' is cytosolic.<br /> | ||
| + | * '''RALDH class 1A 1''' is retinal dehydrogenase which converts retinalaldehyde to retinoic acid.<br /> | ||
| + | * '''RALDH class 1A 2''' is retinal dehydrogenase which converts retinal to retinoate.<br /> | ||
| + | * '''RALDH class 1A 3''' is retinal dehydrogenase which funcrions in detoxification of aldehydes.<br /> | ||
* '''ALDH class 2''' is mitochondrial. <br /> | * '''ALDH class 2''' is mitochondrial. <br /> | ||
* '''ALDH class 3''' is found in tumors, stomach and cornea. '''ALDH3A1''' is soluble and has substrate specificity to bulky aromatic aldehydes. '''ALDH3A2''' is a fatty ALDH (FALDH). FALDH was found to have an additional gatekeeper helix at the substrate funnel entrance that is shaping the enzymes substrate specificity. <ref>Keller, Markus A.; Zander, Ulrich; Fuchs, Julian E.; Kreutz, Christoph; Watschinger, Katrin et al. (2014). A gatekeeper helix determines the substrate specificity of Sjögren–Larsson Syndrome enzyme fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Nature Communications vol. 5.</ref><br /> | * '''ALDH class 3''' is found in tumors, stomach and cornea. '''ALDH3A1''' is soluble and has substrate specificity to bulky aromatic aldehydes. '''ALDH3A2''' is a fatty ALDH (FALDH). FALDH was found to have an additional gatekeeper helix at the substrate funnel entrance that is shaping the enzymes substrate specificity. <ref>Keller, Markus A.; Zander, Ulrich; Fuchs, Julian E.; Kreutz, Christoph; Watschinger, Katrin et al. (2014). A gatekeeper helix determines the substrate specificity of Sjögren–Larsson Syndrome enzyme fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Nature Communications vol. 5.</ref><br /> | ||
Revision as of 10:39, 11 March 2018
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3D Structures of Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Updated on 11-March-2018
References
- ↑ Keller, Markus A.; Zander, Ulrich; Fuchs, Julian E.; Kreutz, Christoph; Watschinger, Katrin et al. (2014). A gatekeeper helix determines the substrate specificity of Sjögren–Larsson Syndrome enzyme fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Nature Communications vol. 5.
