Structural highlights
Function
[CAPSP_ADE02] Major capsid protein that self-associates to form penton base pentamers, each in the shape of a pentagon, situated at the 12 vertices of the pseudo T=25 capsid. Involved in virus secondary attachment to host cell after initial attachment by the fiber protein. Binds host integrin heterodimer ITGAV-ITGB5 (alphaV-beta5) thereby triggering clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virions. Mediates initial virus attachment to CXADR-negative cells. Binding to integrins ITGAV-ITGB5 also seems to induce macropinocytosis uptake of the virus. As the virus enters the host cell, penton proteins are shed concomitant with virion acidification in the endosome.[1] [2] [3]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The vertex of the adenoviral capsid is formed by the penton, a complex of two proteins, the pentameric penton base and the trimeric fiber protein. The penton contains all necessary components for viral attachment and entry into the host cell. After initial attachment via the head domain of the fiber protein, the penton base interacts with cellular integrins through an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif located in a hypervariable surface loop, triggering virus internalization. In order to investigate the structural and functional role of this region, we replaced the hypervariable loop of serotype 2 with the corresponding, but much shorter, loop of serotype 12 and compared it to the wild type. Here, we report the 3.6 A crystal structure of a human adenovirus 2/12 penton base chimera crystallized as a dodecamer. The structure is generally similar to human adenovirus 2 penton base, with the main differences localized to the fiber protein-binding site. Fluorescence anisotropy assays using a trimeric fiber protein mimetic called the minifiber and wild-type human adenovirus 2 and chimeric penton base demonstrate that fiber protein binding is independent of the hypervariable loop, with a K(d) for fiber binding estimated in the 1-2 microm range. Interestingly, competition assays using labeled and unlabeled minifiber demonstrated virtually irreversible binding to the penton base, which we ascribe to a conformational change, on the basis of comparisons of all available penton base structures.
Structural and biochemical characterization of a human adenovirus 2/12 penton base chimera.,Zubieta C, Blanchoin L, Cusack S FEBS J. 2006 Sep;273(18):4336-45. PMID:16939624[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Meier O, Boucke K, Hammer SV, Keller S, Stidwill RP, Hemmi S, Greber UF. Adenovirus triggers macropinocytosis and endosomal leakage together with its clathrin-mediated uptake. J Cell Biol. 2002 Sep 16;158(6):1119-31. Epub 2002 Sep 9. PMID:12221069 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200112067
- ↑ Lyle C, McCormick F. Integrin alphavbeta5 is a primary receptor for adenovirus in CAR-negative cells. Virol J. 2010 Jul 8;7:148. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-7-148. PMID:20615244 doi:10.1186/1743-422X-7-148
- ↑ Liu H, Jin L, Koh SB, Atanasov I, Schein S, Wu L, Zhou ZH. Atomic structure of human adenovirus by cryo-EM reveals interactions among protein networks. Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1038-43. PMID:20798312 doi:10.1126/science.1187433
- ↑ Zubieta C, Blanchoin L, Cusack S. Structural and biochemical characterization of a human adenovirus 2/12 penton base chimera. FEBS J. 2006 Sep;273(18):4336-45. PMID:16939624 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05430.x
