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BegThis enzyme is involved in step 1 of the subpathway that synthesizes staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.

This subpathway is part of the pathway staphyloxanthin biosynthesis, which is itself part of Carotenoid biosynthesis. Staphyloxanthin is a carotenoid, which is responsible for the golden color of S. aureus, and also play the role of virulence factor : it has an antioxidant action that helps the microbe evade death by reactive oxygen species produced by the host immune system. Having a better comprehension of the synthesis of this carotenoid will help to find a cure to S. aureus related diseases.

Function

Transferase Activity : Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups

Metal Ion Binding : requires Mn2+ as cofactor (2 ions per subunit).

Structure

This protein consists of 2 sequence-identical polypeptide chains of 287 amino acids. It has 6 Magnesium ions, 2 Pyrophosphate 2-, 1 L(+)-tartaric acid and 2 (3r)-3-biphenyl-4-yl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol as ligands (substrate or inhibitors, prosthetic groups, cofactors, carbohydrate, metal ions, regardless of whether these are covalently or non-covalently bound to the protein or nucleic acid chains).

Biological process

CrtM catalyses the first step of the synthesis of staphyloxanthin (with a 2-step mechanism). The catalysed reaction is : 2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate <=> 15-cis-4,4'-diapophytoene + 2 diphosphate Pathogenesis

Carotenoid Biosynthetic Process

Disease

Relevance

Structural highlights

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