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| | <StructureSection load='6rtx' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6rtx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.95Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='6rtx' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6rtx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.95Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6rtx]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6RTX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6RTX FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6rtx]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6RTX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6RTX FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.95Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">PTCH1, PTCH ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6rtx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6rtx OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6rtx PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6rtx RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6rtx PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6rtx ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6rtx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6rtx OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6rtx PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6rtx RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6rtx PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6rtx ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTC1_HUMAN PTC1_HUMAN]] Semilobar holoprosencephaly;Monosomy 9q22.3;Alobar holoprosencephaly;Microform holoprosencephaly;Septopreoptic holoprosencephaly;Gorlin syndrome;Lobar holoprosencephaly;Midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly. The disease may be caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTC1_HUMAN PTC1_HUMAN] Semilobar holoprosencephaly;Monosomy 9q22.3;Alobar holoprosencephaly;Microform holoprosencephaly;Septopreoptic holoprosencephaly;Gorlin syndrome;Lobar holoprosencephaly;Midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly. The disease may be caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTC1_HUMAN PTC1_HUMAN]] Acts as a receptor for sonic hedgehog (SHH), indian hedgehog (IHH) and desert hedgehog (DHH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Seems to have a tumor suppressor function, as inactivation of this protein is probably a necessary, if not sufficient step for tumorigenesis.<ref>PMID:21537345</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTC1_HUMAN PTC1_HUMAN] Acts as a receptor for sonic hedgehog (SHH), indian hedgehog (IHH) and desert hedgehog (DHH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Seems to have a tumor suppressor function, as inactivation of this protein is probably a necessary, if not sufficient step for tumorigenesis.<ref>PMID:21537345</ref> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | </div> | | </div> |
| | <div class="pdbe-citations 6rtx" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | | <div class="pdbe-citations 6rtx" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[Protein patched homolog 1|Protein patched homolog 1]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Ansell, T B]] | + | [[Category: Ansell TB]] |
| - | [[Category: Bishop, B]] | + | [[Category: Bishop B]] |
| - | [[Category: Covey, D F]] | + | [[Category: Covey DF]] |
| - | [[Category: Duman, R]] | + | [[Category: Duman R]] |
| - | [[Category: Kinnebrew, M]] | + | [[Category: El Omari K]] |
| - | [[Category: Kowatsch, C]] | + | [[Category: Kinnebrew M]] |
| - | [[Category: Malinauskas, T]] | + | [[Category: Kowatsch C]] |
| - | [[Category: Omari, K El]] | + | [[Category: Malinauskas T]] |
| - | [[Category: Pardon, E]] | + | [[Category: Pardon E]] |
| - | [[Category: Qian, M]] | + | [[Category: Qian M]] |
| - | [[Category: Rohatgi, R]] | + | [[Category: Rohatgi R]] |
| - | [[Category: Rudolf, A F]] | + | [[Category: Rudolf AF]] |
| - | [[Category: Sansom, M S.P]] | + | [[Category: Sansom MSP]] |
| - | [[Category: Schwab, R A]] | + | [[Category: Schwab RA]] |
| - | [[Category: Siebold, C]] | + | [[Category: Siebold C]] |
| - | [[Category: Steyaert, J]] | + | [[Category: Steyaert J]] |
| - | [[Category: Wagner, A]] | + | [[Category: Wagner A]] |
| - | [[Category: Hedgehog morphogen receptor]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Cholesterol]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Lipid-protein-modification]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Membrane protein]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Palmitate]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Receptor-nanobody complex]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Disease
PTC1_HUMAN Semilobar holoprosencephaly;Monosomy 9q22.3;Alobar holoprosencephaly;Microform holoprosencephaly;Septopreoptic holoprosencephaly;Gorlin syndrome;Lobar holoprosencephaly;Midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly. The disease may be caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Function
PTC1_HUMAN Acts as a receptor for sonic hedgehog (SHH), indian hedgehog (IHH) and desert hedgehog (DHH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Seems to have a tumor suppressor function, as inactivation of this protein is probably a necessary, if not sufficient step for tumorigenesis.[1]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Hedgehog (HH) ligands, classical morphogens that pattern embryonic tissues in all animals, are covalently coupled to two lipids-a palmitoyl group at the N terminus and a cholesteroyl group at the C terminus. While the palmitoyl group binds and inactivates Patched 1 (PTCH1), the main receptor for HH ligands, the function of the cholesterol modification has remained mysterious. Using structural and biochemical studies, along with reassessment of previous cryo-electron microscopy structures, we find that the C-terminal cholesterol attached to Sonic hedgehog (Shh) binds the first extracellular domain of PTCH1 and promotes its inactivation, thus triggering HH signaling. Molecular dynamics simulations show that this interaction leads to the closure of a tunnel through PTCH1 that serves as the putative conduit for sterol transport. Thus, Shh inactivates PTCH1 by grasping its extracellular domain with two lipidic pincers, the N-terminal palmitate and the C-terminal cholesterol, which are both inserted into the PTCH1 protein core.
The morphogen Sonic hedgehog inhibits its receptor Patched by a pincer grasp mechanism.,Rudolf AF, Kinnebrew M, Kowatsch C, Ansell TB, El Omari K, Bishop B, Pardon E, Schwab RA, Malinauskas T, Qian M, Duman R, Covey DF, Steyaert J, Wagner A, Sansom MSP, Rohatgi R, Siebold C Nat Chem Biol. 2019 Oct;15(10):975-982. doi: 10.1038/s41589-019-0370-y. Epub 2019, Sep 23. PMID:31548691[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Ma G, Yu J, Xiao Y, Chan D, Gao B, Hu J, He Y, Guo S, Zhou J, Zhang L, Gao L, Zhang W, Kang Y, Cheah KS, Feng G, Guo X, Wang Y, Zhou CZ, He L. Indian hedgehog mutations causing brachydactyly type A1 impair Hedgehog signal transduction at multiple levels. Cell Res. 2011 Sep;21(9):1343-57. doi: 10.1038/cr.2011.76. Epub 2011 May 3. PMID:21537345 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cr.2011.76
- ↑ Rudolf AF, Kinnebrew M, Kowatsch C, Ansell TB, El Omari K, Bishop B, Pardon E, Schwab RA, Malinauskas T, Qian M, Duman R, Covey DF, Steyaert J, Wagner A, Sansom MSP, Rohatgi R, Siebold C. The morphogen Sonic hedgehog inhibits its receptor Patched by a pincer grasp mechanism. Nat Chem Biol. 2019 Oct;15(10):975-982. doi: 10.1038/s41589-019-0370-y. Epub 2019, Sep 23. PMID:31548691 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41589-019-0370-y
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