Sandbox GGC14

==Fibrinogen 3GHG ==

<StructureSection load='3GHG' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene='78/781216/Origfibri/1''>

== Structure ==

Fibrinogen is located in the circulatory system as part of plasma, it is readily available.

Fibrinogen is a ~340KD glycoprotein made up of two subunits which include <scene name='78/781216/Abysubunitsrbg/5'>three non-identical chains</scene> Aα, Bβ γ. Its central region also called “E region” is where all chains meet, the chains intertwine with each other to hold both of the subunits together. At the ends of the a and b chains are fibrinopeptides, fibrinopeptide A is about 16 amino acids long, while fibrinopeptide B is around 15 amino acids long. These small peptides become very important when activating fibrinogen. On both ends of fibrinogen are the D regions containing the β & γ nodule and the coiled-coil region.

Fibrinogen is an essential protein in coagulation, which is initiated through either an intrinsic or extrinsic pathway. Both pathways trigger a cascade of reactions that lead to the formation of a blood clot. At some point the protease thrombin is activated, thrombin then converts fibrinogen to fibrin. It does this by cleaving both the <scene name='78/781216/Fribrinopeptide_a_and_b/3'>fibrinopeptide A and B</scene> off of the amino terminus of the alpha and beta chains. The alpha and beta knobs will bind to <scene name='78/781216/Aandb_modules/1'>a and b holes</scene> of other fibrin molecules making fibrin mesh strong enough to hold the platelet plug.

'''Congenital Afibrinogenemia''' – a genetic disorder that results in the lack of fibrinogen which causes abnormal bleeding including gastrointestinal hemorrhage, cutaneous bleeding, etc.

'''Hepatic fibrinogen storage disease''' - occurs when there is a mutation in the γ chain which causes the storage of fibrinogen in the ER of liver cells. The storage of fibrinogen in these cells can cause liver disease.

'''Acquired Dysfibrinogenemia''' - may occur as a result of liver disease which causes an error during fibrinogen synthesis resulting in dysfunctional fibrinogen

<scene name='78/781216/Abysubunitsrbg/5'>three non-identical chains</scene>

<scene name='78/781216/Fribrinopeptide_a_and_b/3'>fibrinopeptide A and B</scene>

<scene name='78/781216/Aandb_modules/1'>a and b holes</scene>

<scene name='78/781216/Origfibri/1'>Fibrinogen</scene>

This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

 

1. Acharya, S. S., & Dimichele, D. M. (2008). Rare inherited disorders of fibrinogen. Haemophilia, 14(6), 1151–1158. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2008.01831.x