TIR domain-containing adapter protein

TIR domain-containing adapter protein or Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein (TIRAP) is one of 5 proteins involved in the Toll interleukin 1 receptor signaling pathway of the immune system. The 5 adaptor proteins are: MyD88, MAL, TRIF, TRAM and SARM. The TIR domain is found in Toll-like receptors and in adaptor proteins. The domain containing 135 to 160 amino acids, consists of 3 boxes of conserved residues. The TIR domain is involved in the interaction between Toll-like receptors and the adaptor protein^[1]. TIRAP activates NF-kB, MAPK1, MAPK3 and JNK which results in the inflammatory response.