User:Lizun Xin/Mtb BlaC Inhibition
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==Background on The Disease == | ==Background on The Disease == | ||
Tuberculosis (TB) is a human respiratory disease, which is caused by bacteria: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The most common pathway of transmission for M. tuberculosis is by airborne droplets, for example, coughing and sneezing. M. bovis can be transmitted by animal products, for example uncooked meat and unpasteurised milk. The bacterium can hibernate in the human body for various times, from week to years. TB usually affects the lungs, but in some cases, the infection can spread outside of the lungs (eg. lymphatic system). | Tuberculosis (TB) is a human respiratory disease, which is caused by bacteria: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The most common pathway of transmission for M. tuberculosis is by airborne droplets, for example, coughing and sneezing. M. bovis can be transmitted by animal products, for example uncooked meat and unpasteurised milk. The bacterium can hibernate in the human body for various times, from week to years. TB usually affects the lungs, but in some cases, the infection can spread outside of the lungs (eg. lymphatic system). | ||
Revision as of 00:19, 31 December 2020
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Background on The Disease
Tuberculosis (TB) is a human respiratory disease, which is caused by bacteria: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The most common pathway of transmission for M. tuberculosis is by airborne droplets, for example, coughing and sneezing. M. bovis can be transmitted by animal products, for example uncooked meat and unpasteurised milk. The bacterium can hibernate in the human body for various times, from week to years. TB usually affects the lungs, but in some cases, the infection can spread outside of the lungs (eg. lymphatic system).
As the infection in the lungs develops, patients may experience continuous coughing (sometimes with blood), chest pain and shortage of breath. if the secondary infection affects the immune system, the symptoms often show as fever, sweating and lost weight.
When the bacteria are in inactive state, TB does not have the ability to spread, however this proposes a problem for screening the disease. It is estimated that around 30% of the total population may be infected with the bacteria. However the rate of infection is relatively higher in developing countries which may be caused by rather poor medical facility and the knowledge of hygiene. Furthermore, patients with HIV seems to be more vulnerable to the infection, due to their compromised immune system. The standard screening of TB can be done by a chest X-ray. To further diagnose the infection often requires a sample of the patient’s mucus to test if they are TB positive and to differentiate if the strain is drug resistant.
The current treatment of TB is most likely to be done with giving combination of antibiotics and the patient mostly likely to be isolated. The only available vaccine available today is the BCG vaccine, which provides around 70% effectiveness
Discussion on the Drug Resistance
Mechanism of Enzyme Inhibition
Treatments
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