7ain

<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7ain]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7AIN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7AIN FirstGlance]. <br>

</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>

<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=SEP:PHOSPHOSERINE'>SEP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TPO:PHOSPHOTHREONINE'>TPO</scene></td></tr>

<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">SLC12A6, KCC3 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>

== Disease ==

[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/S12A6_HUMAN S12A6_HUMAN]] Corpus callosum agenesis-neuronopathy syndrome. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

== Function ==

[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/S12A6_HUMAN S12A6_HUMAN]] Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport. May be activated by cell swelling. May contribute to cell volume homeostasis in single cells.

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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==

Potassium-coupled chloride transporters (KCCs) play crucial roles in regulating cell volume and intracellular chloride concentration. They are characteristically inhibited under isotonic conditions via phospho-regulatory sites located within the cytoplasmic termini. Decreased inhibitory phosphorylation in response to hypotonic cell swelling stimulates transport activity, and dysfunction of this regulatory process has been associated with various human diseases. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human KCC3b and KCC1, revealing structural determinants for phospho-regulation in both N- and C-termini. We show that phospho-mimetic KCC3b is arrested in an inward-facing state in which intracellular ion access is blocked by extensive contacts with the N-terminus. In another mutant with increased isotonic transport activity, KCC1Delta19, this interdomain interaction is absent, likely due to a unique phospho-regulatory site in the KCC1 N-terminus. Furthermore, we map additional phosphorylation sites as well as a previously unknown ATP/ADP-binding pocket in the large C-terminal domain and show enhanced thermal stabilization of other CCCs by adenine nucleotides. These findings provide fundamentally new insights into the complex regulation of KCCs and may unlock innovative strategies for drug development.

 

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== References ==

[[Category: Human]]

[[Category: Abrusci, P]]

[[Category: Arrowsmith, C H]]

[[Category: Bohstedt, T]]

[[Category: Bountra, C]]

[[Category: Burgess-Brown, N A]]

[[Category: Chalk, R]]

[[Category: Chi, G]]

[[Category: DiMaio, F]]

[[Category: Duerr, K L]]

[[Category: Ebenhoch, R]]

[[Category: Edwards, A M]]

[[Category: MacLean, E M]]

[[Category: Man, H]]

[[Category: Marsden, B D]]

[[Category: McKinley, G]]

[[Category: Moreau, C]]

[[Category: Mukhopadhyay, S M.M]]

[[Category: Pike, A C.W]]

[[Category: Reggiano, G]]

[[Category: Structural genomic]]

[[Category: Singh, N K]]

[[Category: Snee, M]]

[[Category: Wang, D]]

[[Category: Transporter]]