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| | <StructureSection load='1jxk' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1jxk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='1jxk' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1jxk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1jxk]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1JXK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1JXK FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1jxk]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1JXK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1JXK FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=PCA:PYROGLUTAMIC+ACID'>PCA</scene></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PCA:PYROGLUTAMIC+ACID'>PCA</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1smd|1smd]], [[1jxj|1jxj]]</div></td></tr>
| + | |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-amylase Alpha-amylase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.1 3.2.1.1] </span></td></tr>
| + | |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1jxk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1jxk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1jxk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1jxk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1jxk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1jxk ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1jxk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1jxk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1jxk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1jxk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1jxk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1jxk ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AMY1A_HUMAN AMY1A_HUMAN] Calcium-binding enzyme that initiates starch digestion in the oral cavity (PubMed:12527308). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of internal (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, yielding a mixture of maltose, isomaltose, small amounts of glucose as well as small linear and branched oligosaccharides called dextrins (PubMed:12527308).<ref>PMID:12527308</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Alpha-amylase]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Human]]
| + | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Ragunath, C]] | + | [[Category: Ragunath C]] |
| - | [[Category: Ramasubbu, N]] | + | [[Category: Ramasubbu N]] |
| - | [[Category: Wang, Z]] | + | [[Category: Wang Z]] |
| - | [[Category: Amylase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Catalysis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Enzyme]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Mobile loop]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Mutagenesis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Salivary]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
AMY1A_HUMAN Calcium-binding enzyme that initiates starch digestion in the oral cavity (PubMed:12527308). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of internal (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, yielding a mixture of maltose, isomaltose, small amounts of glucose as well as small linear and branched oligosaccharides called dextrins (PubMed:12527308).[1]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Mammalian amylases harbor a flexible, glycine-rich loop 304GHGAGGA(310), which becomes ordered upon oligosaccharide binding and moves in toward the substrate. In order to probe the role of this loop in catalysis, a deletion mutant lacking residues 306-310 (Delta306) was generated. Kinetic studies showed that Delta306 exhibited: (1) a reduction (>200-fold) in the specific activity using starch as a substrate; (2) a reduction in k(cat) for maltopentaose and maltoheptaose as substrates; and (3) a twofold increase in K(m) (maltopentaose as substrate) compared to the wild-type (rHSAmy). More cleavage sites were observed for the mutant than for rHSAmy, suggesting that the mutant exhibits additional productive binding modes. Further insight into its role is obtained from the crystal structures of the two enzymes soaked with acarbose, a transition-state analog. Both enzymes modify acarbose upon binding through hydrolysis, condensation or transglycosylation reactions. Electron density corresponding to six and seven fully occupied subsites in the active site of rHSAmy and Delta306, respectively, were observed. Comparison of the crystal structures showed that: (1) the hydrophobic cover provided by the mobile loop for the subsites at the reducing end of the rHSAmy complex is notably absent in the mutant; (2) minimal changes in the protein-ligand interactions around subsites S1 and S1', where the cleavage would occur; (3) a well-positioned water molecule in the mutant provides a hydrogen bond interaction similar to that provided by the His305 in rHSAmy complex; (4) the active site-bound oligosaccharides exhibit minimal conformational differences between the two enzymes. Collectively, while the kinetic data suggest that the mobile loop may be involved in assisting the catalysis during the transition state, crystallographic data suggest that the loop may play a role in the release of the product(s) from the active site.
Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase.,Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ J Mol Biol. 2003 Jan 31;325(5):1061-76. PMID:12527308[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ. Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase. J Mol Biol. 2003 Jan 31;325(5):1061-76. PMID:12527308
- ↑ Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ. Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase. J Mol Biol. 2003 Jan 31;325(5):1061-76. PMID:12527308
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