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| | <StructureSection load='2bvc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2bvc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='2bvc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2bvc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2bvc]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myctu Myctu]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2BVC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2BVC FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2bvc]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis_H37Rv Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2BVC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2BVC FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ADP:ADENOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>ADP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=P3S:L-METHIONINE-S-SULFOXIMINE+PHOSPHATE'>P3S</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.1Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1hto|1hto]]</div></td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ADP:ADENOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>ADP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=P3S:L-METHIONINE-S-SULFOXIMINE+PHOSPHATE'>P3S</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate--ammonia_ligase Glutamate--ammonia ligase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=6.3.1.2 6.3.1.2] </span></td></tr>
| + | |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2bvc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2bvc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2bvc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2bvc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2bvc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2bvc ProSAT], [https://www.topsan.org/Proteins/TBSGC/2bvc TOPSAN]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2bvc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2bvc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2bvc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2bvc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2bvc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2bvc ProSAT], [https://www.topsan.org/Proteins/TBSGC/2bvc TOPSAN]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GLN1B_MYCTU GLN1B_MYCTU] Involved in nitrogen metabolism via ammonium assimilation. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia (PubMed:7937767, PubMed:12819079). Also able to use GTP (PubMed:7937767). D-glutamate is a poor substrate, and DL-glutamate shows about 50% of the standard specific activity (PubMed:7937767). Also plays a key role in controlling the ammonia levels within infected host cells and so contributes to the pathogens capacity to inhibit phagosome acidification and phagosome-lysosome fusion (PubMed:7937767, PubMed:12819079). Involved in cell wall biosynthesis via the production of the major component poly-L-glutamine (PLG) (PubMed:7937767, PubMed:10618433). PLG synthesis in the cell wall occurs only in nitrogen limiting conditions and on the contrary high nitrogen conditions inhibit PLG synthesis (Probable).<ref>PMID:10618433</ref> <ref>PMID:12819079</ref> <ref>PMID:7937767</ref> <ref>PMID:9278431</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Glutamate--ammonia ligase]] | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Myctu]] | + | [[Category: Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv]] |
| - | [[Category: Jones, T A]] | + | [[Category: Jones TA]] |
| - | [[Category: Krajewski, W W]] | + | [[Category: Krajewski WW]] |
| - | [[Category: Mowbray, S L]] | + | [[Category: Mowbray SL]] |
| - | [[Category: Ligase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Synthetase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Transition state mimic]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
2bvc is a 6 chain structure with sequence from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Method: | X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.1Å |
| Ligands: | , , , |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT, TOPSAN |
Function
GLN1B_MYCTU Involved in nitrogen metabolism via ammonium assimilation. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia (PubMed:7937767, PubMed:12819079). Also able to use GTP (PubMed:7937767). D-glutamate is a poor substrate, and DL-glutamate shows about 50% of the standard specific activity (PubMed:7937767). Also plays a key role in controlling the ammonia levels within infected host cells and so contributes to the pathogens capacity to inhibit phagosome acidification and phagosome-lysosome fusion (PubMed:7937767, PubMed:12819079). Involved in cell wall biosynthesis via the production of the major component poly-L-glutamine (PLG) (PubMed:7937767, PubMed:10618433). PLG synthesis in the cell wall occurs only in nitrogen limiting conditions and on the contrary high nitrogen conditions inhibit PLG synthesis (Probable).[1] [2] [3] [4]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Glutamine synthetase catalyzes the ligation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine, with the resulting hydrolysis of ATP. The enzyme is a central component of bacterial nitrogen metabolism and is a potential drug target. Here, we report a high-yield recombinant expression system for glutamine synthetase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis together with a simple purification. The procedure allowed the structure of a complex with a phosphorylated form of the inhibitor methionine sulfoximine, magnesium, and ADP to be solved by molecular replacement and refined at 2.1-A resolution. To our knowledge, this study provides the first reported structure for a taut form of the M. tuberculosis enzyme, similar to that observed for the Salmonella enzyme earlier. The phospho compound, generated in situ by an active enzyme, mimics the phosphorylated tetrahedral adduct at the transition state. Some differences in ligand interactions of the protein with both phosphorylated compound and nucleotide are observed compared with earlier structures; a third metal ion also is found. The importance of these differences in the catalytic mechanism is discussed; the results will help guide the search for specific inhibitors of potential therapeutic interest.
Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase in complex with a transition-state mimic provides functional insights.,Krajewski WW, Jones TA, Mowbray SL Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 26;102(30):10499-504. Epub 2005 Jul 18. PMID:16027359[5]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Harth G, Zamecnik PC, Tang JY, Tabatadze D, Horwitz MA. Treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with antisense oligonucleotides to glutamine synthetase mRNA inhibits glutamine synthetase activity, formation of the poly-L-glutamate/glutamine cell wall structure, and bacterial replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jan 4;97(1):418-23. PMID:10618433 doi:10.1073/pnas.97.1.418
- ↑ Tullius MV, Harth G, Horwitz MA. Glutamine synthetase GlnA1 is essential for growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human THP-1 macrophages and guinea pigs. Infect Immun. 2003 Jul;71(7):3927-36. PMID:12819079 doi:10.1128/IAI.71.7.3927-3936.2003
- ↑ Harth G, Clemens DL, Horwitz MA. Glutamine synthetase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: extracellular release and characterization of its enzymatic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Sep 27;91(20):9342-6. PMID:7937767 doi:10.1073/pnas.91.20.9342
- ↑ Harth G, Horwitz MA. Expression and efficient export of enzymatically active Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase in Mycobacterium smegmatis and evidence that the information for export is contained within the protein. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 5;272(36):22728-35. PMID:9278431 doi:10.1074/jbc.272.36.22728
- ↑ Krajewski WW, Jones TA, Mowbray SL. Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase in complex with a transition-state mimic provides functional insights. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 26;102(30):10499-504. Epub 2005 Jul 18. PMID:16027359
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