1nwd

<StructureSection load='1nwd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1nwd]], [[NMR_Ensembles_of_Models | 20 NMR models]]' scene=''>

<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1nwd]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_clawed_frog African clawed frog] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pethy Pethy]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NWD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1NWD FirstGlance]. <br>

</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene></td></tr>

<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">(CALM1 OR CAM1 OR CALM OR CAM) AND (CALM2 OR CAM2 OR CAMB) AND (CALM3 OR CAM3 OR CAMC) ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=8355 African clawed frog]), GAD ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=4102 PETHY])</td></tr>

<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_decarboxylase Glutamate decarboxylase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.1.1.15 4.1.1.15] </span></td></tr>

[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CALM_XENLA CALM_XENLA]] Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DCE_PETHY DCE_PETHY]] Catalyzes the production of GABA. The calmodulin-binding is calcium-dependent and it is proposed that this may, directly or indirectly, form a calcium regulated control of GABA biosynthesis.

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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==

Activation of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) by calcium-bound calmodulin (CaM) is required for normal plant growth through regulation of gamma-aminobutyrate and glutamate metabolism. The interaction of CaM with the C-terminal domain of GAD is believed to induce dimerization of the enzyme, an event implicated for Ca(2+)-dependent enzyme activation. Here, we present the solution structure of CaM in complex with a dimer of peptides derived from the C-terminus of Petunia hybrida GAD. The 23 kDa ternary complex is pseudo-symmetrical with each domain of CaM bound to one of the two antiparallel GAD peptides, which form an X-shape with an interhelical angle of 60 degrees. To accommodate the dimeric helical GAD target, the two domains of CaM adopt an orientation markedly different from that seen in other CaM-target complexes. Although the dimeric GAD domain is much larger than previously studied CaM-binding peptides, the two CaM domains appear closer together and make a number of interdomain contacts not observed in earlier complexes. The present structure of a single CaM molecule interacting with two target peptides provides new evidence for the conformational flexibility of CaM as well as a structural basis for the ability of CaM to activate two enzyme molecules simultaneously.

Structural basis for simultaneous binding of two carboxy-terminal peptides of plant glutamate decarboxylase to calmodulin.,Yap KL, Yuan T, Mal TK, Vogel HJ, Ikura M J Mol Biol. 2003 Apr 18;328(1):193-204. PMID:12684008<ref>PMID:12684008</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>

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<div class="pdbe-citations 1nwd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

== References ==

<references/>

[[Category: African clawed frog]]

[[Category: Glutamate decarboxylase]]

[[Category: Pethy]]

[[Category: Ikura, M]]

[[Category: Mal, T K]]

[[Category: Vogel, H J]]

[[Category: Yap, K L]]

[[Category: Yuan, T]]

[[Category: Gad]]