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[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GAL4_YEAST GAL4_YEAST]] This protein is a positive regulator for the gene expression of the galactose-induced genes such as GAL1, GAL2, GAL7, GAL10, and MEL1 which code for the enzymes used to convert galactose to glucose. It recognizes a 17 base pair sequence in (5'-CGGRNNRCYNYNCNCCG-3') the upstream activating sequence (UAS-G) of these genes. This sequence is correctly shown on the structure as (5'-CGGAGGACTGCCCTCCG-3'). <scene name='92/925538/Dna_protein_interaction/2'>The DNA-Protein Interaction</scene> with all of the base pairs within 5 angstroms of the protein highlighted illustrates that the protein interacts with both strands of the UAS.

A specific DNA complex of the 65-residue, N-terminal fragment of the yeast transcriptional activator, GAL4, has been analysed at 2.7 A resolution by X-ray crystallography. The protein binds as a <scene name='92/925538/Dimer/2'>dimer</scene> to a symmetrical 17-base-pair sequence. There is a compact <scene name='92/925538/Metal_binding_domain/5'>metal binding domain</scene> (residues 8-40), an <scene name='92/925538/Extended_linker/2'>extended linker</scene> (41-49), and an <scene name='92/925538/Alpha-helical_dimerization/1'>alpha-helical dimerization element</scene> (50-64). A small, Zn(2+)-containing domain recognizes a conserved CCG triplet at each end of the site through direct contacts with the major groove. The metal binding domain contains <scene name='92/925538/Cysteine_metal_binding/1'>cysteine residues</scene> that coordinate to the metal as shown as cadmium. A short coiled-coil dimerization element imposes 2-fold symmetry. A segment of extended polypeptide chain links the metal-binding module to the dimerization element and specifies the length of the site. The relatively open structure of the complex would allow another protein to bind coordinately with GAL4.