7w5c

Structural highlights

Function

MPK4_ARATH The ANPs-MKK6-MPK4 module is involved in the regulation of plant cytokinesis during meiosis and mitosis. Essential to promote the progression of cytokinesis and for cellularization (formation of the cell plate) during male-specific meiosis. Involved in cortical microtubules organization and stabilization by regulating the phosphorylation state of microtubule-associated proteins such as MAP65-1. Involved in root hair development process. Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and salicylic acid- (SA) mediated defense response. Required for jasmonic acid- (JA) mediated defense gene expression. May regulate activity of transcription factor controlling pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression. Seems to act independently of the SAR regulatory protein NPR1 (Nonexpresser of PR1). Phosphorylates MKS1 and transcription factors WRKY25 and WRKY33. The MEKK1, MKK1/MKK2 and MPK4 function in a signaling pathway that modulates the expression of genes responding to biotic and abiotic stresses and also plays an important role in pathogen defense by negatively regulating innate immunity (PubMed:11163186, PubMed:15225555, PubMed:15358537, PubMed:15990873, PubMed:18982020, PubMed:20215588, PubMed:20802223, PubMed:21098735, PubMed:21575092, PubMed:25770109). Phosphorylates MEKK2 upon treatment with flg22 (PubMed:22643122). Involved in stomatal movement regulation by repressing HT1 and HT1-mediated GHR1 phosphorylation (PubMed:27694184, PubMed:27923039).^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]}

References

1. ↑ Petersen M, Brodersen P, Naested H, Andreasson E, Lindhart U, Johansen B, Nielsen HB, Lacy M, Austin MJ, Parker JE, Sharma SB, Klessig DF, Martienssen R, Mattsson O, Jensen AB, Mundy J. Arabidopsis map kinase 4 negatively regulates systemic acquired resistance. Cell. 2000 Dec 22;103(7):1111-20. PMID:11163186
2. ↑ Teige M, Scheikl E, Eulgem T, Doczi R, Ichimura K, Shinozaki K, Dangl JL, Hirt H. The MKK2 pathway mediates cold and salt stress signaling in Arabidopsis. Mol Cell. 2004 Jul 2;15(1):141-52. PMID:15225555 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2004.06.023
3. ↑ Droillard MJ, Boudsocq M, Barbier-Brygoo H, Lauriere C. Involvement of MPK4 in osmotic stress response pathways in cell suspensions and plantlets of Arabidopsis thaliana: activation by hypoosmolarity and negative role in hyperosmolarity tolerance. FEBS Lett. 2004 Sep 10;574(1-3):42-8. PMID:15358537 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2004.08.001
4. ↑ Andreasson E, Jenkins T, Brodersen P, Thorgrimsen S, Petersen NH, Zhu S, Qiu JL, Micheelsen P, Rocher A, Petersen M, Newman MA, Bjorn Nielsen H, Hirt H, Somssich I, Mattsson O, Mundy J. The MAP kinase substrate MKS1 is a regulator of plant defense responses. EMBO J. 2005 Jul 20;24(14):2579-89. Epub 2005 Jun 30. PMID:15990873 doi:http://dx.doi.org/7600737
5. ↑ Gao M, Liu J, Bi D, Zhang Z, Cheng F, Chen S, Zhang Y. MEKK1, MKK1/MKK2 and MPK4 function together in a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade to regulate innate immunity in plants. Cell Res. 2008 Dec;18(12):1190-8. doi: 10.1038/cr.2008.300. PMID:18982020 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cr.2008.300
6. ↑ Beck M, Komis G, Muller J, Menzel D, Samaj J. Arabidopsis homologs of nucleus- and phragmoplast-localized kinase 2 and 3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 are essential for microtubule organization. Plant Cell. 2010 Mar;22(3):755-71. doi: 10.1105/tpc.109.071746. Epub 2010 Mar 9. PMID:20215588 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.109.071746
7. ↑ Takahashi Y, Soyano T, Kosetsu K, Sasabe M, Machida Y. HINKEL kinesin, ANP MAPKKKs and MKK6/ANQ MAPKK, which phosphorylates and activates MPK4 MAPK, constitute a pathway that is required for cytokinesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 2010 Oct;51(10):1766-76. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcq135. Epub 2010 , Aug 27. PMID:20802223 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcq135
8. ↑ Kosetsu K, Matsunaga S, Nakagami H, Colcombet J, Sasabe M, Soyano T, Takahashi Y, Hirt H, Machida Y. The MAP kinase MPK4 is required for cytokinesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell. 2010 Nov;22(11):3778-90. doi: 10.1105/tpc.110.077164. Epub 2010 Nov , 23. PMID:21098735 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.110.077164
9. ↑ Zeng Q, Chen JG, Ellis BE. AtMPK4 is required for male-specific meiotic cytokinesis in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2011 Sep;67(5):895-906. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04642.x. Epub 2011 , Jun 29. PMID:21575092 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04642.x
10. ↑ Kong Q, Qu N, Gao M, Zhang Z, Ding X, Yang F, Li Y, Dong OX, Chen S, Li X, Zhang Y. The MEKK1-MKK1/MKK2-MPK4 kinase cascade negatively regulates immunity mediated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2012 May;24(5):2225-36. doi: 10.1105/tpc.112.097253. Epub 2012 May , 29. PMID:22643122 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.097253
11. ↑ Li B, Jiang S, Yu X, Cheng C, Chen S, Cheng Y, Yuan JS, Jiang D, He P, Shan L. Phosphorylation of trihelix transcriptional repressor ASR3 by MAP KINASE4 negatively regulates Arabidopsis immunity. Plant Cell. 2015 Mar;27(3):839-56. doi: 10.1105/tpc.114.134809. Epub 2015 Mar 13. PMID:25770109 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.134809
12. ↑ Horak H, Sierla M, Toldsepp K, Wang C, Wang YS, Nuhkat M, Valk E, Pechter P, Merilo E, Salojarvi J, Overmyer K, Loog M, Brosche M, Schroeder JI, Kangasjarvi J, Kollist H. A Dominant Mutation in the HT1 Kinase Uncovers Roles of MAP Kinases and GHR1 in CO2-Induced Stomatal Closure. Plant Cell. 2016 Oct;28(10):2493-2509. doi: 10.1105/tpc.16.00131. Epub 2016 Sep , 30. PMID:27694184 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.16.00131
13. ↑ Jakobson L, Vaahtera L, Toldsepp K, Nuhkat M, Wang C, Wang YS, Horak H, Valk E, Pechter P, Sindarovska Y, Tang J, Xiao C, Xu Y, Gerst Talas U, Garcia-Sosa AT, Kangasjarvi S, Maran U, Remm M, Roelfsema MR, Hu H, Kangasjarvi J, Loog M, Schroeder JI, Kollist H, Brosche M. Natural Variation in Arabidopsis Cvi-0 Accession Reveals an Important Role of MPK12 in Guard Cell CO2 Signaling. PLoS Biol. 2016 Dec 6;14(12):e2000322. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2000322. , eCollection 2016 Dec. PMID:27923039 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000322