2kll

Structural highlights

Function

IL33_HUMAN Cytokine that binds to and signals through IL1RL1/ST2 and its stimulation recruits MYD88, IRAK1, IRAK4, and TRAF6, followed by phosphorylation of MAPK3/ERK1 and/or MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK14, and MAPK8. Induces T-helper type 2-associated cytokines. Acts as a chemoattractant tor Th2 cells, and may function as an "alarmin", that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]} In quiescent endothelia the uncleaved form is constitutively and abundantly expressed, and acts as a chromatin-associated nuclear factor with transcriptional repressor properties, it may sequester nuclear NF-kappaB/RELA, lowering expression of its targets. This form is rapidely lost upon angiogenic or proinflammatory activation.^{[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]}

See Also

• Interleukin 3D structures

References

1. ↑ Schmitz J, Owyang A, Oldham E, Song Y, Murphy E, McClanahan TK, Zurawski G, Moshrefi M, Qin J, Li X, Gorman DM, Bazan JF, Kastelein RA. IL-33, an interleukin-1-like cytokine that signals via the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2 and induces T helper type 2-associated cytokines. Immunity. 2005 Nov;23(5):479-90. PMID:16286016 doi:S1074-7613(05)00311-0
2. ↑ Komai-Koma M, Xu D, Li Y, McKenzie AN, McInnes IB, Liew FY. IL-33 is a chemoattractant for human Th2 cells. Eur J Immunol. 2007 Oct;37(10):2779-86. PMID:17853410 doi:10.1002/eji.200737547
3. ↑ Carriere V, Roussel L, Ortega N, Lacorre DA, Americh L, Aguilar L, Bouche G, Girard JP. IL-33, the IL-1-like cytokine ligand for ST2 receptor, is a chromatin-associated nuclear factor in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 2;104(1):282-7. Epub 2006 Dec 21. PMID:17185418 doi:10.1073/pnas.0606854104
4. ↑ Kuchler AM, Pollheimer J, Balogh J, Sponheim J, Manley L, Sorensen DR, De Angelis PM, Scott H, Haraldsen G. Nuclear interleukin-33 is generally expressed in resting endothelium but rapidly lost upon angiogenic or proinflammatory activation. Am J Pathol. 2008 Oct;173(4):1229-42. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.080014. Epub 2008 , Sep 11. PMID:18787100 doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.080014
5. ↑ Moussion C, Ortega N, Girard JP. The IL-1-like cytokine IL-33 is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of endothelial cells and epithelial cells in vivo: a novel 'alarmin'? PLoS One. 2008 Oct 6;3(10):e3331. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003331. PMID:18836528 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003331
6. ↑ Ali S, Mohs A, Thomas M, Klare J, Ross R, Schmitz ML, Martin MU. The dual function cytokine IL-33 interacts with the transcription factor NF-kappaB to dampen NF-kappaB-stimulated gene transcription. J Immunol. 2011 Aug 15;187(4):1609-16. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003080. Epub 2011, Jul 6. PMID:21734074 doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1003080
7. ↑ Kakkar R, Hei H, Dobner S, Lee RT. Interleukin 33 as a mechanically responsive cytokine secreted by living cells. J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 24;287(9):6941-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.298703. Epub 2012, Jan 3. PMID:22215666 doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.298703
8. ↑ Schmitz J, Owyang A, Oldham E, Song Y, Murphy E, McClanahan TK, Zurawski G, Moshrefi M, Qin J, Li X, Gorman DM, Bazan JF, Kastelein RA. IL-33, an interleukin-1-like cytokine that signals via the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2 and induces T helper type 2-associated cytokines. Immunity. 2005 Nov;23(5):479-90. PMID:16286016 doi:S1074-7613(05)00311-0
9. ↑ Komai-Koma M, Xu D, Li Y, McKenzie AN, McInnes IB, Liew FY. IL-33 is a chemoattractant for human Th2 cells. Eur J Immunol. 2007 Oct;37(10):2779-86. PMID:17853410 doi:10.1002/eji.200737547
10. ↑ Carriere V, Roussel L, Ortega N, Lacorre DA, Americh L, Aguilar L, Bouche G, Girard JP. IL-33, the IL-1-like cytokine ligand for ST2 receptor, is a chromatin-associated nuclear factor in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 2;104(1):282-7. Epub 2006 Dec 21. PMID:17185418 doi:10.1073/pnas.0606854104
11. ↑ Kuchler AM, Pollheimer J, Balogh J, Sponheim J, Manley L, Sorensen DR, De Angelis PM, Scott H, Haraldsen G. Nuclear interleukin-33 is generally expressed in resting endothelium but rapidly lost upon angiogenic or proinflammatory activation. Am J Pathol. 2008 Oct;173(4):1229-42. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.080014. Epub 2008 , Sep 11. PMID:18787100 doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.080014
12. ↑ Moussion C, Ortega N, Girard JP. The IL-1-like cytokine IL-33 is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of endothelial cells and epithelial cells in vivo: a novel 'alarmin'? PLoS One. 2008 Oct 6;3(10):e3331. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003331. PMID:18836528 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003331
13. ↑ Ali S, Mohs A, Thomas M, Klare J, Ross R, Schmitz ML, Martin MU. The dual function cytokine IL-33 interacts with the transcription factor NF-kappaB to dampen NF-kappaB-stimulated gene transcription. J Immunol. 2011 Aug 15;187(4):1609-16. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003080. Epub 2011, Jul 6. PMID:21734074 doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1003080
14. ↑ Kakkar R, Hei H, Dobner S, Lee RT. Interleukin 33 as a mechanically responsive cytokine secreted by living cells. J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 24;287(9):6941-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.298703. Epub 2012, Jan 3. PMID:22215666 doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.298703
15. ↑ Lingel A, Weiss TM, Niebuhr M, Pan B, Appleton BA, Wiesmann C, Bazan JF, Fairbrother WJ. Structure of IL-33 and its interaction with the ST2 and IL-1RAcP receptors--insight into heterotrimeric IL-1 signaling complexes. Structure. 2009 Oct 14;17(10):1398-410. PMID:19836339 doi:10.1016/j.str.2009.08.009