Structural highlights
Disease
LYSC_HUMAN Defects in LYZ are a cause of amyloidosis type 8 (AMYL8) [MIM:105200; also known as systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis or Ostertag-type amyloidosis. AMYL8 is a hereditary generalized amyloidosis due to deposition of apolipoprotein A1, fibrinogen and lysozyme amyloids. Viscera are particularly affected. There is no involvement of the nervous system. Clinical features include renal amyloidosis resulting in nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly, cholestasis, petechial skin rash.[1]
Function
LYSC_HUMAN Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
This study sought to attain a better understanding of the contribution of buried water molecules to protein stability. The 3SS human lysozyme lacks one disulfide bond between Cys77 and Cys95 and is significantly destabilized compared with the wild-type human lysozyme (4SS). We examined the structure and stability of the I59A-3SS mutant human lysozyme, in which a cavity is created at the mutation site. The crystal structure of I59A-3SS indicated that there were ordered new water molecules in the cavity created. The stability of I59A-3SS is 5.5 kJ/mol less than that of 3SS. The decreased stability of I59A-3SS (5.5 kJ/mol) is similar to that of Ile to Ala mutants with newly introduced water molecules in other globular proteins (6.3 +/- 2.1 kJ/mol), but is less than that of Ile/Leu to Ala mutants with empty cavities (13.7 +/- 3.1 kJ/mol). This indicates that water molecules partially compensate for the destabilization by decreasing hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions. These results provide further evidence that buried water molecules contribute to protein stability.
Buried water molecules contribute to the conformational stability of a protein.,Takano K, Yamagata Y, Yutani K Protein Eng. 2003 Jan;16(1):5-9. PMID:12646687[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Pepys MB, Hawkins PN, Booth DR, Vigushin DM, Tennent GA, Soutar AK, Totty N, Nguyen O, Blake CC, Terry CJ, et al.. Human lysozyme gene mutations cause hereditary systemic amyloidosis. Nature. 1993 Apr 8;362(6420):553-7. PMID:8464497 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/362553a0
- ↑ Takano K, Yamagata Y, Yutani K. Buried water molecules contribute to the conformational stability of a protein. Protein Eng. 2003 Jan;16(1):5-9. PMID:12646687
