1zmq
From Proteopedia
(New page: 200px<br /> <applet load="1zmq" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="1zmq, resolution 2.10Å" /> '''Crystal structure o...) |
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| - | [[Image:1zmq.gif|left|200px]]<br /> | + | [[Image:1zmq.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1zmq" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" |
| - | <applet load="1zmq" size=" | + | |
caption="1zmq, resolution 2.10Å" /> | caption="1zmq, resolution 2.10Å" /> | ||
'''Crystal structure of human alpha-defensin-6'''<br /> | '''Crystal structure of human alpha-defensin-6'''<br /> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| - | Six alpha-defensins have been found in humans. These small arginine-rich | + | Six alpha-defensins have been found in humans. These small arginine-rich peptides play important roles in various processes related to host defense, being the effectors and regulators of innate immunity as well as enhancers of adoptive immune responses. Four defensins, called neutrophil peptides 1 through 4, are stored primarily in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Major sites of expression of defensins 5 and 6 are Paneth cells of human small intestine. So far, only one structure of human alpha-defensin (HNP3) has been reported, and the properties of the intestine defensins 5 and 6 are particularly poorly understood. In this report, we present the high-resolution X-ray structures of three human defensins, 4 through 6, supplemented with studies of their antimicrobial and chemotactic properties. Despite only modest amino acid sequence identity, all three defensins share their tertiary structures with other known alpha- and beta-defensins. Like HNP3 but in contrast to murine or rabbit alpha-defensins, human defensins 4-6 form characteristic dimers. Whereas antimicrobial and chemotactic activity of HNP4 is somewhat comparable to that of other human neutrophil defensins, neither of the intestinal defensins appears to be chemotactic, and for HD6 also an antimicrobial activity has yet to be observed. The unusual biological inactivity of HD6 may be associated with its structural properties, somewhat standing out when compared with other human alpha-defensins. The strongest cationic properties and unique distribution of charged residues on the molecular surface of HD5 may be associated with its highest bactericidal activity among human alpha-defensins. |
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
| - | 1ZMQ is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with CL as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http:// | + | 1ZMQ is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with <scene name='pdbligand=CL:'>CL</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1ZMQ OCA]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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[[Category: paneth cells defensin]] | [[Category: paneth cells defensin]] | ||
| - | ''Page seeded by [http:// | + | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 16:17:05 2008'' |
Revision as of 14:17, 21 February 2008
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Crystal structure of human alpha-defensin-6
Overview
Six alpha-defensins have been found in humans. These small arginine-rich peptides play important roles in various processes related to host defense, being the effectors and regulators of innate immunity as well as enhancers of adoptive immune responses. Four defensins, called neutrophil peptides 1 through 4, are stored primarily in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Major sites of expression of defensins 5 and 6 are Paneth cells of human small intestine. So far, only one structure of human alpha-defensin (HNP3) has been reported, and the properties of the intestine defensins 5 and 6 are particularly poorly understood. In this report, we present the high-resolution X-ray structures of three human defensins, 4 through 6, supplemented with studies of their antimicrobial and chemotactic properties. Despite only modest amino acid sequence identity, all three defensins share their tertiary structures with other known alpha- and beta-defensins. Like HNP3 but in contrast to murine or rabbit alpha-defensins, human defensins 4-6 form characteristic dimers. Whereas antimicrobial and chemotactic activity of HNP4 is somewhat comparable to that of other human neutrophil defensins, neither of the intestinal defensins appears to be chemotactic, and for HD6 also an antimicrobial activity has yet to be observed. The unusual biological inactivity of HD6 may be associated with its structural properties, somewhat standing out when compared with other human alpha-defensins. The strongest cationic properties and unique distribution of charged residues on the molecular surface of HD5 may be associated with its highest bactericidal activity among human alpha-defensins.
About this Structure
1ZMQ is a Single protein structure of sequence from Homo sapiens with as ligand. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Crystal structures of human alpha-defensins HNP4, HD5, and HD6., Szyk A, Wu Z, Tucker K, Yang D, Lu W, Lubkowski J, Protein Sci. 2006 Dec;15(12):2749-60. Epub 2006 Nov 6. PMID:17088326
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