252l
From Proteopedia
(New page: 200px<br /><applet load="252l" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="252l, resolution 2.1Å" /> '''GENERATING LIGAND BIN...) |
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| - | [[Image:252l.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="252l" size=" | + | [[Image:252l.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="252l" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" |
caption="252l, resolution 2.1Å" /> | caption="252l, resolution 2.1Å" /> | ||
'''GENERATING LIGAND BINDING SITES IN T4 LYSOZYME USING DEFICIENCY-CREATING SUBSTITUTIONS'''<br /> | '''GENERATING LIGAND BINDING SITES IN T4 LYSOZYME USING DEFICIENCY-CREATING SUBSTITUTIONS'''<br /> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| - | Several variants of T4 lysozyme have been identified that sequester small | + | Several variants of T4 lysozyme have been identified that sequester small organic ligands in cavities or clefts. To evaluate potential binding sites for non-polar molecules, we screened a number of hydrophobic large-to-small mutants for stabilization in the presence of benzene. In addition to Leu99-->Ala, binding was indicated for at least five other mutants. Variants Met102-->Ala and Leu133-->Gly, and a crevice mutant, Phe104-->Ala, were further characterized using X-ray crystallography and thermal denaturation. As predicted from the shape of the cavity in the benzene complex, mutant Leu133-->Gly also bound p-xylene. We attempted to enlarge the cavity of the Met102-->Ala mutant into a deep crevice through an additional substitution, but the double mutant failed to bind ligands because an adjacent helix rearranged into a non-helical structure, apparently due to the loss of packing interactions. In general, the protein structure contracted slightly to reduce the volume of the void created by truncating substitutions and expanded upon binding the non-polar ligand, with shifts similar to those resulting from the mutations.A polar molecule binding site was also created by truncating Arg95 to alanine. This creates a highly complementary buried polar environment that can be utilized as a specific "receptor" for a guanidinium ion. Our results suggest that creating a deficiency through truncating mutations of buried residues generates "binding potential" for ligands with characteristics similar to the deleted side-chain. Analysis of complex and apo crystal structures of binding and non-binding mutants suggests that ligand size and shape as well as protein flexibility and complementarity are all determinants of binding. Binding at non-polar sites is governed by hydrophobicity and steric interactions and is relatively permissive. Binding at a polar site is more restrictive and requires extensive complementarity between the ligand and the site. |
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
| - | 252L is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriophage_t4 Bacteriophage t4] with CL and HED as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme Lysozyme], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.17 3.2.1.17] Full crystallographic information is available from [http:// | + | 252L is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriophage_t4 Bacteriophage t4] with <scene name='pdbligand=CL:'>CL</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=HED:'>HED</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme Lysozyme], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.17 3.2.1.17] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=252L OCA]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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[[Category: Lysozyme]] | [[Category: Lysozyme]] | ||
[[Category: Single protein]] | [[Category: Single protein]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Baase, W | + | [[Category: Baase, W A.]] |
| - | [[Category: Baldwin, E | + | [[Category: Baldwin, E P.]] |
[[Category: Feher, V.]] | [[Category: Feher, V.]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Matthews, B | + | [[Category: Matthews, B W.]] |
| - | [[Category: Zhang, X | + | [[Category: Zhang, X J.]] |
[[Category: CL]] | [[Category: CL]] | ||
[[Category: HED]] | [[Category: HED]] | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
[[Category: t4 lysozyme]] | [[Category: t4 lysozyme]] | ||
| - | ''Page seeded by [http:// | + | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 16:21:46 2008'' |
Revision as of 14:21, 21 February 2008
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GENERATING LIGAND BINDING SITES IN T4 LYSOZYME USING DEFICIENCY-CREATING SUBSTITUTIONS
Overview
Several variants of T4 lysozyme have been identified that sequester small organic ligands in cavities or clefts. To evaluate potential binding sites for non-polar molecules, we screened a number of hydrophobic large-to-small mutants for stabilization in the presence of benzene. In addition to Leu99-->Ala, binding was indicated for at least five other mutants. Variants Met102-->Ala and Leu133-->Gly, and a crevice mutant, Phe104-->Ala, were further characterized using X-ray crystallography and thermal denaturation. As predicted from the shape of the cavity in the benzene complex, mutant Leu133-->Gly also bound p-xylene. We attempted to enlarge the cavity of the Met102-->Ala mutant into a deep crevice through an additional substitution, but the double mutant failed to bind ligands because an adjacent helix rearranged into a non-helical structure, apparently due to the loss of packing interactions. In general, the protein structure contracted slightly to reduce the volume of the void created by truncating substitutions and expanded upon binding the non-polar ligand, with shifts similar to those resulting from the mutations.A polar molecule binding site was also created by truncating Arg95 to alanine. This creates a highly complementary buried polar environment that can be utilized as a specific "receptor" for a guanidinium ion. Our results suggest that creating a deficiency through truncating mutations of buried residues generates "binding potential" for ligands with characteristics similar to the deleted side-chain. Analysis of complex and apo crystal structures of binding and non-binding mutants suggests that ligand size and shape as well as protein flexibility and complementarity are all determinants of binding. Binding at non-polar sites is governed by hydrophobicity and steric interactions and is relatively permissive. Binding at a polar site is more restrictive and requires extensive complementarity between the ligand and the site.
About this Structure
252L is a Single protein structure of sequence from Bacteriophage t4 with and as ligands. Active as Lysozyme, with EC number 3.2.1.17 Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Generation of ligand binding sites in T4 lysozyme by deficiency-creating substitutions., Baldwin E, Baase WA, Zhang X, Feher V, Matthews BW, J Mol Biol. 1998 Mar 27;277(2):467-85. PMID:9514755
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