Sandbox 43
From Proteopedia
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=='''Introduction to α-lactalbumin''' == | =='''Introduction to α-lactalbumin''' == | ||
| - | α-lactalbumin is a whey protein that is only found in milk and the mammary gland and is involved in production of lactose. α-lactalbumin is produced in the endoplasmic reticulum. When it makes it way to the Golgi it encounters galactosyltransferase and other substrates necessary for lactose synthesis.<ref>Neville MC.. 2009. Introduction: alpha-lactalbumin, a multifunctional protein that specifies lactose synthesis in the Golgi. '' J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia.'' (3):211-2</ref> The complex is made up of galactosyltransferase, α-lactalbumin, nucleotide substrate, and metal ion cofactors. α-lactalbumin is a modifier protein of the lactose synthetase complex. | + | α-lactalbumin is a 123 residue whey protein that is only found in milk and the mammary gland and is involved in production of lactose. α-lactalbumin is produced in the endoplasmic reticulum. When it makes it way to the Golgi it encounters galactosyltransferase and other substrates necessary for lactose synthesis.<ref>Neville MC.. 2009. Introduction: alpha-lactalbumin, a multifunctional protein that specifies lactose synthesis in the Golgi. '' J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia.'' (3):211-2</ref> The complex is made up of galactosyltransferase, α-lactalbumin, nucleotide substrate, and metal ion cofactors. α-lactalbumin is a modifier protein of the lactose synthetase complex.<ref>Cawthern KM, Permyakov E, Berliner LJ. 1996. Membrane-bound states of α-lactalbumin:Implications for the protein stability and conformation. Protein Science. 5: 1394-1405</ref> Lactose synthetase catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of lactose in the mammary gland by the reaction: |
| - | UDP-D-galactose + D-glucose -- lactose + UDP. | + | UDP-D-galactose + D-glucose -- lactose + UDP.<ref> Keith Brew, Thomas C. Vanaman and Robert L. Hill. 1967. The Role Of α-lactalbumin and The A Protein in Lactose Sythetase: A Unique Mechanism For the Control of A Biological Reaction. ''Biochemistry PNAS'' 491-497</ref> |
| - | α-lactalbumin is highly similar to the c-type lysozymes sharing primary, secondary and tertiary structures. It is supposed that α-lactalbumin has | + | α-lactalbumin is highly similar to the c-type lysozymes sharing primary, secondary and tertiary structures. It is supposed that α-lactalbumin has evolved from c-type lysozyme, however the function of α-lactalbumin is distinct from c-type lysozyme.<ref>Cawthern KM, Permyakov E, Berliner LJ. 1996. Membrane-bound states of α-lactalbumin:Implications for the protein stability and conformation. Protein Science. 5: 1394-1405</ref> |
== '''Secondary Structure of α-lactalbumin'''== | == '''Secondary Structure of α-lactalbumin'''== | ||
Revision as of 02:26, 20 September 2009
| Please do NOT make changes to this Sandbox. Sandboxes 30-60 are reserved for use by Biochemistry 410 & 412 at Messiah College taught by Dr. Hannah Tims during Fall 2012 and Spring 2013. |
Introduction to α-lactalbumin
α-lactalbumin is a 123 residue whey protein that is only found in milk and the mammary gland and is involved in production of lactose. α-lactalbumin is produced in the endoplasmic reticulum. When it makes it way to the Golgi it encounters galactosyltransferase and other substrates necessary for lactose synthesis.[1] The complex is made up of galactosyltransferase, α-lactalbumin, nucleotide substrate, and metal ion cofactors. α-lactalbumin is a modifier protein of the lactose synthetase complex.[2] Lactose synthetase catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of lactose in the mammary gland by the reaction:
UDP-D-galactose + D-glucose -- lactose + UDP.[3]
α-lactalbumin is highly similar to the c-type lysozymes sharing primary, secondary and tertiary structures. It is supposed that α-lactalbumin has evolved from c-type lysozyme, however the function of α-lactalbumin is distinct from c-type lysozyme.[4]
Secondary Structure of α-lactalbumin
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| 1a4v, resolution 1.80Å () | |||||||||
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| Ligands: | |||||||||
| Activity: | Lactose synthase, with EC number 2.4.1.22 | ||||||||
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| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBsum, RCSB | ||||||||
| Coordinates: | save as pdb, mmCIF, xml | ||||||||
