Ricin

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	RICIN		RICIN
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	INTRODUCTION		INTRODUCTION
-	Ricin is a potent cytotoxin that is synthesized in the edosperm cells	+	Ricin is a potent cytotoxi that is synthesized in the endosperm cells of maturing Riccinus seeds(1). Ricin belongs to a small multi gene family(2) that is composed of eight members. It is also important to mention that Ricin is classified as a type II heterodimeric Ribosome Inactivatiing protein(1).
-	of maturing Riccinus seeds(1). Ricin belongs to a small multi-gene family	+
-	(2) that is composed of eight members. It is also important to mention	+
-	that Ricin is classified as a Type II heterodimeric Ribosome Inactivating	+
-	protein(1).	+
	STRUCTURE		STRUCTURE
-	Ricin is a heterodimer that consists of a 32,000 dalton A chain	+	Ricin is a heterodimer that consists of a 32,000 Dalton A chain glycoprotein linked by a disulfide bond to a 32,000 Dalton B chain glycoprotein(2). The A chain enzyme is a globular protein with extensive secondary structure and a predominate active site(2); where the B chain is a lectin(2) that binds to galactose-containing surface receptors(3).
-	glycoprotein linked by a disulfide bond to a 32,000 dalton B chain	+
-	glycoprotein(2). The A chain enzyme is a globular protein with extensive	+
-	secondary structure and a predominate active site(2), where the B chain	+
-	is a lectin(2) that binds to galactose-containing surface receptors(3).	+
-	FUNCTION	+	PHYSIOLOGY
-	The mechanism employed by Ricin to gain entry to a host cell involves	+	The mechanism deployed by Ricin to gain entry to a host cell uses the heterogenic properties given to the toxin. Firstly the toxin arranges itself in such a way where its B chain can easily interact with the host cells receptors, and once acknowledgement happens, the B chain can fascilitate transport of the A chain into the cytoplasm(2). This association between the A and B chain is essential for toxicity(2) without it the Ricin would not be able to gain access to the cells organelles rendering it useless. Once the A chain gains entry into the cytosol its mechanism for attack of the ribosome is depurination of a single endenosine residue in 28S Ribosomal RNA(3) and this inhibits protein synthesis
-	the heterodimeric properties of the toxin. Firstly the toxin arranges	+
-	itself in such a way where its B chain can easily interact with the host	+
-	cells receptors and once this happens the B chain can fascilitate the	+
-	transfer of the A chain into the Cytoplasm(2). This association between	+
-	A and B chain is essential for toxicity(2) without it the Ricin would not be	+
-	able to gain access to the cells organelles. Once the A chain gains entry into	+
-	the cytosol its target of attack is the ribosome, and its mechanism involves	+
-	depurination of a single endenosine residue in 28S ribosome RNA(3); which	+
-	inhibits ribosome function, thus stopping protein synthesis.	+

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Revision as of 21:27, 31 March 2010

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                                                RICIN

INTRODUCTION

Ricin is a potent cytotoxi that is synthesized in the endosperm cells of maturing Riccinus seeds(1). Ricin belongs to a small multi gene family(2) that is composed of eight members. It is also important to mention that Ricin is classified as a type II heterodimeric Ribosome Inactivatiing protein(1).

STRUCTURE

Ricin is a heterodimer that consists of a 32,000 Dalton A chain glycoprotein linked by a disulfide bond to a 32,000 Dalton B chain glycoprotein(2). The A chain enzyme is a globular protein with extensive secondary structure and a predominate active site(2); where the B chain is a lectin(2) that binds to galactose-containing surface receptors(3).

PHYSIOLOGY

The mechanism deployed by Ricin to gain entry to a host cell uses the heterogenic properties given to the toxin. Firstly the toxin arranges itself in such a way where its B chain can easily interact with the host cells receptors, and once acknowledgement happens, the B chain can fascilitate transport of the A chain into the cytoplasm(2). This association between the A and B chain is essential for toxicity(2) without it the Ricin would not be able to gain access to the cells organelles rendering it useless. Once the A chain gains entry into the cytosol its mechanism for attack of the ribosome is depurination of a single endenosine residue in 28S Ribosomal RNA(3) and this inhibits protein synthesis

Please do NOT make changes to this Sandbox until after April 23, 2010. Sandboxes 151-200 are reserved until then for use by the Chemistry 307 class at UNBC taught by Prof. Andrea Gorrell.