Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
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Revision as of 08:56, 2 May 2012
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA. Malonyl-CoA is a building block in in the biosynthesis of fatty acids. ACC is biotin- and ATP-dependent enzyme. ACC is a multi-subunit enzyme. Each subunit catalyzes different reaction. These are – biotin carboxylase (BC) which carboxylates the biotin prosthetic group Biotin carboxylase, biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) which is linked covalently to biotin and carboxyltransferase (CT) which transfers the carboxyl group from biotin to acetyl-CoA. In mammals, 2 forms of ACC exist. ACC1 and ACC2 differ in their tissue distribution and function.
3D structures of acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain
1a6x, [[3bdo – EcBCCP – Escherichia coli – NMR
2dn8 – hBCCP – human - NMR
1bdo - EcBCCP + biotin
2bdo - EcBCCP + biotin – NMR
Carboxyltransferase (CT) domain
1uyt - yCT – yeast
1uyv - yCT (mutant)
2f9i - CT – Staphylococcus aureus
2f9y - EcCT
1od2 - yCT + adenine + acetyl CoA
1od4 - yCT + adenine
1uyr, 1uys, 1w2x, 3k8x, 3h0j, 3h0s, 3h0q, 3pgq, 3tv5, 3tvu, 3tvw, 3tz3 - yCT + inhibitor
2x24 - CT + inhibitor – bovine
3tdc – hACC2 residues 921-1676
