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Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) is one of the five isozymes (isoenzyme) of the [[glycolysis]] enzyme [[enolase]]. An enolase falls under the category of [[lyase]], which is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure.<ref name="enolase">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enolase</ref> It is also known as a metalloenzyme, which means it contains a metal ion bound to the protein with one labile coordination site.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloenzyme#Metalloenzymes</ref>[[Image:Lobster Enolase .jpg|left|thumb|'''Biological Assembly Image for 1PDY''' Enolase <ref>X-RAY STRUCTURE AND CATALYTIC MECHANISM OF LOBSTER ENOLASE: http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=1PDY</ref>]] | Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) is one of the five isozymes (isoenzyme) of the [[glycolysis]] enzyme [[enolase]]. An enolase falls under the category of [[lyase]], which is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure.<ref name="enolase">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enolase</ref> It is also known as a metalloenzyme, which means it contains a metal ion bound to the protein with one labile coordination site.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloenzyme#Metalloenzymes</ref>[[Image:Lobster Enolase .jpg|left|thumb|'''Biological Assembly Image for 1PDY''' Enolase <ref>X-RAY STRUCTURE AND CATALYTIC MECHANISM OF LOBSTER ENOLASE: http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=1PDY</ref>]] | ||
| - | Enolase has three subunits; α, β, and γ. The subunits can combine in pairs (αα, αβ, αγ, ββ, and γγ) and form the five different isozymes. | + | Enolase has three subunits; α, β, and γ. You usually only find all three subunits in vertebrates. Enolase α is ubiquitous, found in all cells. Enolase β is muscle-specific and the γ isozyme is found only in neurons.<ref>Stopped-flow studies of the reaction of d-tartronate semialdehyde-2-phosphate with human neuronal enolase and yeast enolase 1: http://www.sciencedirect.com.prox.lib.ncsu.edu/science/article/pii/S0014579310000657</ref>The subunits can combine in pairs (αα, αβ, αγ, ββ, and γγ) and form the five different isozymes of enolase. It is more common to find the homodimers (αα, ββ, and γγ) in adult human cells, but enolase is present in all tissues and organisms capable of glycolysis or fermentation.<ref name="enolase" /> |
==Structure== | ==Structure== | ||
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Neuron Specific Enolase (Enolase 2)Introduction
 Enolase has three subunits; α, β, and γ. You usually only find all three subunits in vertebrates. Enolase α is ubiquitous, found in all cells. Enolase β is muscle-specific and the γ isozyme is found only in neurons.[4]The subunits can combine in pairs (αα, αβ, αγ, ββ, and γγ) and form the five different isozymes of enolase. It is more common to find the homodimers (αα, ββ, and γγ) in adult human cells, but enolase is present in all tissues and organisms capable of glycolysis or fermentation.[1] Structure Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps MechanismLet's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps MedicineLet's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps Let's see how the text wraps References
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