1akg
From Proteopedia
(New page: 200px<br /><applet load="1akg" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="1akg, resolution 1.1Å" /> '''ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB ...) |
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| - | [[Image:1akg.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1akg" size=" | + | [[Image:1akg.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1akg" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" |
caption="1akg, resolution 1.1Å" /> | caption="1akg, resolution 1.1Å" /> | ||
'''ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS'''<br /> | '''ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS'''<br /> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| - | Two mollusc-specific neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the | + | Two mollusc-specific neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the molluscivorous snail Conus pennaceus are described. These new toxins block acetylcholine receptors (AChR) of cultured Aplysia neurons. Bath application of 0.5-1 microM toxin induces 5-10-mV membrane depolarization, which recovers to the control level within 1-3 min in the presence of the toxin. This response is blocked by 1 mM hexamethonium. Concomitantly with the transient depolarization, the toxins block approximately 90% of the depolarizing responses evoked by brief iontophoretic application of acetylcholine. The pharmacology and amino acid sequences of the toxins (alpha PnIA, GCCSLPPCAANNPDYC-NH2; alpha PnIB, GCCSLPPCALSNPDYC-NH2) enable their classification as novel alpha-conotoxins. The sequences differ from those of previously described alpha-conotoxins in a number of features, the most striking of which is the presence of a single negatively charged residue in the C-terminal loop. This loop contains a positively charged residue in piscivorous venom alpha-conotoxins. In contrast to other alpha-conotoxins, which are selective for vertebrate skeletal muscle nicotinic ACh receptors, these Conus pennaceus toxins block neuronal ACh receptors in molluscs. As such they are new probes which can be used to define subtypes of ACh receptors, and they should be useful tools in the study of structure-function relationships in ACh receptors. |
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
| - | 1AKG is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus_pennaceus Conus pennaceus] with NH2 as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http:// | + | 1AKG is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus_pennaceus Conus pennaceus] with <scene name='pdbligand=NH2:'>NH2</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1AKG OCA]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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[[Category: Conus pennaceus]] | [[Category: Conus pennaceus]] | ||
[[Category: Single protein]] | [[Category: Single protein]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Hu, S | + | [[Category: Hu, S H.]] |
| - | [[Category: Martin, J | + | [[Category: Martin, J L.]] |
[[Category: NH2]] | [[Category: NH2]] | ||
[[Category: acetylcholine receptor antagonist]] | [[Category: acetylcholine receptor antagonist]] | ||
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[[Category: crystal structure]] | [[Category: crystal structure]] | ||
| - | ''Page seeded by [http:// | + | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 11:45:32 2008'' |
Revision as of 09:45, 21 February 2008
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ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS
Overview
Two mollusc-specific neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the molluscivorous snail Conus pennaceus are described. These new toxins block acetylcholine receptors (AChR) of cultured Aplysia neurons. Bath application of 0.5-1 microM toxin induces 5-10-mV membrane depolarization, which recovers to the control level within 1-3 min in the presence of the toxin. This response is blocked by 1 mM hexamethonium. Concomitantly with the transient depolarization, the toxins block approximately 90% of the depolarizing responses evoked by brief iontophoretic application of acetylcholine. The pharmacology and amino acid sequences of the toxins (alpha PnIA, GCCSLPPCAANNPDYC-NH2; alpha PnIB, GCCSLPPCALSNPDYC-NH2) enable their classification as novel alpha-conotoxins. The sequences differ from those of previously described alpha-conotoxins in a number of features, the most striking of which is the presence of a single negatively charged residue in the C-terminal loop. This loop contains a positively charged residue in piscivorous venom alpha-conotoxins. In contrast to other alpha-conotoxins, which are selective for vertebrate skeletal muscle nicotinic ACh receptors, these Conus pennaceus toxins block neuronal ACh receptors in molluscs. As such they are new probes which can be used to define subtypes of ACh receptors, and they should be useful tools in the study of structure-function relationships in ACh receptors.
About this Structure
1AKG is a Single protein structure of sequence from Conus pennaceus with as ligand. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
New mollusc-specific alpha-conotoxins block Aplysia neuronal acetylcholine receptors., Fainzilber M, Hasson A, Oren R, Burlingame AL, Gordon D, Spira ME, Zlotkin E, Biochemistry. 1994 Aug 16;33(32):9523-9. PMID:8068627
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