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Revision as of 20:01, 11 December 2012

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Nickel Superoxide Dismutase (NiSOD) is the newest member in a class of enzymes that protects organisms from oxidative stress caused by superoxide, a harmful free radical byproduct of aerobic metabolism. NiSOD reacts with two molecules of superoxide, to form O₂ and H₂O₂ with rates occurring at or near the diffusion limit. During catalysis, the redox-active nickel center cycles between an oxidized and reduced state. This reaction is termed the pin pong mechanism and is shown below.

M^{(n + 1)} + O₂^•- → Mⁿ⁺ + O₂

Mⁿ⁺ + O₂^•- + 2H⁺ → M^{(n + 1)} + H₂O₂
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2O₂^•- + 2H⁺ → O₂ + H₂O₂

NiSOD is distinct among SOD's for three reasons:
(1) NiSOD shares no sequence homology with the other known SOD's (Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD, and FeSOD).
(2) It has a distinct