1zkq
From Proteopedia
(New page: 200px<br /><applet load="1zkq" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="1zkq, resolution 2.60Å" /> '''Crystal structure of...) |
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| - | [[Image:1zkq.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1zkq" size=" | + | [[Image:1zkq.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1zkq" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" |
caption="1zkq, resolution 2.60Å" /> | caption="1zkq, resolution 2.60Å" /> | ||
'''Crystal structure of mouse thioredoxin reductase type 2'''<br /> | '''Crystal structure of mouse thioredoxin reductase type 2'''<br /> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| - | Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential enzyme required for the | + | Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential enzyme required for the efficient maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis, particularly in cancer cells that are sensitive to reactive oxygen species. In mammals, distinct isozymes function in the cytosol and mitochondria. Through an intricate mechanism, these enzymes transfer reducing equivalents from NADPH to bound FAD and subsequently to an active-site disulfide. In mammalian TrxRs, the dithiol then reduces a mobile C-terminal selenocysteine-containing tetrapeptide of the opposing subunit of the dimer. Once activated, the C-terminal redox center reduces a disulfide bond within thioredoxin. In this report, we present the structural data on a mitochondrial TrxR, TrxR2 (also known as TR3 and TxnRd2). Mouse TrxR2, in which the essential selenocysteine residue had been replaced with cysteine, was isolated as a FAD-containing holoenzyme and crystallized (2.6 A; R = 22.2%; R(free) = 27.6%). The addition of NADPH to the TrxR2 crystals resulted in a color change, indicating reduction of the active-site disulfide and formation of a species presumed to be the flavin-thiolate charge transfer complex. Examination of the NADP(H)-bound model (3.0 A; R = 24.1%; R(free) = 31.2%) indicates that an active-site tyrosine residue must rotate from its initial position to stack against the nicotinamide ring of NADPH, which is juxtaposed to the isoalloxazine ring of FAD to facilitate hydride transfer. Detailed analysis of the structural data in conjunction with a model of the unusual C-terminal selenenylsulfide suggests molecular details of the reaction mechanism and highlights evolutionary adaptations among reductases. |
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
| - | 1ZKQ is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus] with FAD as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioredoxin-disulfide_reductase Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.8.1.9 1.8.1.9] Full crystallographic information is available from [http:// | + | 1ZKQ is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus] with <scene name='pdbligand=FAD:'>FAD</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioredoxin-disulfide_reductase Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.8.1.9 1.8.1.9] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1ZKQ OCA]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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[[Category: Single protein]] | [[Category: Single protein]] | ||
[[Category: Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase]] | [[Category: Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Barycki, J | + | [[Category: Barycki, J J.]] |
| - | [[Category: Biterova, E | + | [[Category: Biterova, E I.]] |
| - | [[Category: Gladyshev, V | + | [[Category: Gladyshev, V N.]] |
| - | [[Category: Turanov, A | + | [[Category: Turanov, A A.]] |
[[Category: FAD]] | [[Category: FAD]] | ||
[[Category: flavoprotein]] | [[Category: flavoprotein]] | ||
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[[Category: thioredoxin]] | [[Category: thioredoxin]] | ||
| - | ''Page seeded by [http:// | + | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 16:16:33 2008'' |
Revision as of 14:16, 21 February 2008
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Crystal structure of mouse thioredoxin reductase type 2
Overview
Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential enzyme required for the efficient maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis, particularly in cancer cells that are sensitive to reactive oxygen species. In mammals, distinct isozymes function in the cytosol and mitochondria. Through an intricate mechanism, these enzymes transfer reducing equivalents from NADPH to bound FAD and subsequently to an active-site disulfide. In mammalian TrxRs, the dithiol then reduces a mobile C-terminal selenocysteine-containing tetrapeptide of the opposing subunit of the dimer. Once activated, the C-terminal redox center reduces a disulfide bond within thioredoxin. In this report, we present the structural data on a mitochondrial TrxR, TrxR2 (also known as TR3 and TxnRd2). Mouse TrxR2, in which the essential selenocysteine residue had been replaced with cysteine, was isolated as a FAD-containing holoenzyme and crystallized (2.6 A; R = 22.2%; R(free) = 27.6%). The addition of NADPH to the TrxR2 crystals resulted in a color change, indicating reduction of the active-site disulfide and formation of a species presumed to be the flavin-thiolate charge transfer complex. Examination of the NADP(H)-bound model (3.0 A; R = 24.1%; R(free) = 31.2%) indicates that an active-site tyrosine residue must rotate from its initial position to stack against the nicotinamide ring of NADPH, which is juxtaposed to the isoalloxazine ring of FAD to facilitate hydride transfer. Detailed analysis of the structural data in conjunction with a model of the unusual C-terminal selenenylsulfide suggests molecular details of the reaction mechanism and highlights evolutionary adaptations among reductases.
About this Structure
1ZKQ is a Single protein structure of sequence from Mus musculus with as ligand. Active as Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase, with EC number 1.8.1.9 Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Crystal structures of oxidized and reduced mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase provide molecular details of the reaction mechanism., Biterova EI, Turanov AA, Gladyshev VN, Barycki JJ, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Oct 18;102(42):15018-23. Epub 2005 Oct 10. PMID:16217027
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