2aiu
From Proteopedia
(New page: 200px<br /><applet load="2aiu" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="2aiu, resolution 1.6Å" /> '''Crystal Structure of ...) |
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| - | [[Image:2aiu.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2aiu" size=" | + | [[Image:2aiu.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2aiu" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" |
caption="2aiu, resolution 1.6Å" /> | caption="2aiu, resolution 1.6Å" /> | ||
'''Crystal Structure of Mouse Testicular Cytochrome C at 1.6 Angstrom'''<br /> | '''Crystal Structure of Mouse Testicular Cytochrome C at 1.6 Angstrom'''<br /> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| - | Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) | + | Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in sperm. High concentrations of H(2)O(2) in sperm induce nuclear DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation and result in cell death. The respiratory chain of the mitochondrion is one of the most productive ROS generating systems in sperm, and thus the destruction of ROS in mitochondria is critical for the cell. It was recently reported that H(2)O(2) generated by the respiratory chain of the mitochondrion can be efficiently destroyed by the cytochrome c-mediated electron-leak pathway where the electron of ferrocytochrome c migrates directly to H(2)O(2) instead of to cytochrome c oxidase. In our studies, we found that mouse testis-specific cytochrome c (T-Cc) can catalyze the reduction of H(2)O(2) three times faster than its counterpart in somatic cells (S-Cc) and that the T-Cc heme has the greater resistance to being degraded by H(2)O(2). Together, these findings strongly imply that T-Cc can protect sperm from the damages caused by H(2)O(2). Moreover, the apoptotic activity of T-Cc is three to five times greater than that of S-Cc in a well established apoptosis measurement system using Xenopus egg extract. The dramatically stronger apoptotic activity of T-Cc might be important for the suicide of male germ cells, considered a physiological mechanism that regulates the number of sperm produced and eliminates those with damaged DNA. Thus, it is very likely that T-Cc has evolved to guarantee the biological integrity of sperm produced in mammalian testis. |
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
| - | 2AIU is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus] with PO4 and HEM as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http:// | + | 2AIU is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus] with <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:'>PO4</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=HEM:'>HEM</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2AIU OCA]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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[[Category: Single protein]] | [[Category: Single protein]] | ||
[[Category: Lin, H.]] | [[Category: Lin, H.]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Liu, X | + | [[Category: Liu, X J.]] |
[[Category: Liu, Z.]] | [[Category: Liu, Z.]] | ||
[[Category: Rao, Z.]] | [[Category: Rao, Z.]] | ||
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[[Category: testis]] | [[Category: testis]] | ||
| - | ''Page seeded by [http:// | + | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 16:27:56 2008'' |
Revision as of 14:27, 21 February 2008
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Crystal Structure of Mouse Testicular Cytochrome C at 1.6 Angstrom
Overview
Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in sperm. High concentrations of H(2)O(2) in sperm induce nuclear DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation and result in cell death. The respiratory chain of the mitochondrion is one of the most productive ROS generating systems in sperm, and thus the destruction of ROS in mitochondria is critical for the cell. It was recently reported that H(2)O(2) generated by the respiratory chain of the mitochondrion can be efficiently destroyed by the cytochrome c-mediated electron-leak pathway where the electron of ferrocytochrome c migrates directly to H(2)O(2) instead of to cytochrome c oxidase. In our studies, we found that mouse testis-specific cytochrome c (T-Cc) can catalyze the reduction of H(2)O(2) three times faster than its counterpart in somatic cells (S-Cc) and that the T-Cc heme has the greater resistance to being degraded by H(2)O(2). Together, these findings strongly imply that T-Cc can protect sperm from the damages caused by H(2)O(2). Moreover, the apoptotic activity of T-Cc is three to five times greater than that of S-Cc in a well established apoptosis measurement system using Xenopus egg extract. The dramatically stronger apoptotic activity of T-Cc might be important for the suicide of male germ cells, considered a physiological mechanism that regulates the number of sperm produced and eliminates those with damaged DNA. Thus, it is very likely that T-Cc has evolved to guarantee the biological integrity of sperm produced in mammalian testis.
About this Structure
2AIU is a Single protein structure of sequence from Mus musculus with and as ligands. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Remarkably high activities of testicular cytochrome c in destroying reactive oxygen species and in triggering apoptosis., Liu Z, Lin H, Ye S, Liu QY, Meng Z, Zhang CM, Xia Y, Margoliash E, Rao Z, Liu XJ, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 13;103(24):8965-70. Epub 2006 Jun 6. PMID:16757556
Page seeded by OCA on Thu Feb 21 16:27:56 2008
Categories: Mus musculus | Single protein | Lin, H. | Liu, X J. | Liu, Z. | Rao, Z. | Ye, S. | HEM | PO4 | Cytochrome c | Mouse | Testis
