Serine hydroxymethyltransferase

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This enzyme has important implications in disease and medicine. Smith-Magneis syndrome (SMS) is a genetic disorder that contains a mutation of the cSHMT gene on chromosome 17. The defect causes up to a 50% loss of cytosolic-SHMT. Unlike cancer, which is attributed to the over-expression of SHMT, Smith-Magneis Syndrome results from the under-expression of SHMT. Once again, the glycine product plays an important role. In the case of SMS, glycine production is lacking. NMDA receptors are associated with learning and memory. Glycine must be bound to the NMDA receptor for the efficient opening of ion channels and the subsequent transfer of neurotransmitters. In SMS, since glycine is lacking, there would be less transfer of neurotransmitters to NMDA receptors and thus the progression of SMS symptoms. The diagnosis of Smith-Magneis Syndrome often comes after the diagnosis of psychiatric problems. Many of the symptoms associated with SMS are mental and the physical symptoms can vary from person to person. Currently there is no cure for SMS. Management of symptoms through psychological counseling and medication are currently the only methods used in the treatment of SMS.<ref>PMID:8533763</ref>
This enzyme has important implications in disease and medicine. Smith-Magneis syndrome (SMS) is a genetic disorder that contains a mutation of the cSHMT gene on chromosome 17. The defect causes up to a 50% loss of cytosolic-SHMT. Unlike cancer, which is attributed to the over-expression of SHMT, Smith-Magneis Syndrome results from the under-expression of SHMT. Once again, the glycine product plays an important role. In the case of SMS, glycine production is lacking. NMDA receptors are associated with learning and memory. Glycine must be bound to the NMDA receptor for the efficient opening of ion channels and the subsequent transfer of neurotransmitters. In SMS, since glycine is lacking, there would be less transfer of neurotransmitters to NMDA receptors and thus the progression of SMS symptoms. The diagnosis of Smith-Magneis Syndrome often comes after the diagnosis of psychiatric problems. Many of the symptoms associated with SMS are mental and the physical symptoms can vary from person to person. Currently there is no cure for SMS. Management of symptoms through psychological counseling and medication are currently the only methods used in the treatment of SMS.<ref>PMID:8533763</ref>
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== 3D structures of Aconitase==
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Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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[[3gbx]] – SHMT – ''Salmonella typhimurium'' <br />
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[[3n0l]] – SHMT – ''Campylobacter jejuni''<br />
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[[3pgy]] – SHMT + glycine – ''Staphylococcus aureus''<br />
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[[4mso]] – BcSHMT – ''Burlholderia cenocepacia''<br />
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===SHMT + PLP===
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[[2dkj]] – SHMT + PLP – ''Thermus thermophilus'' <br />
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[[1kkj]] – GsSHMT + PLP – ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'' <br />
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[[1yjz]], [[2vgs]], [[2vi8]], [[2vmn]], [[2vmp]], [[2vmr]], [[2vmv]], [[2w7d]], [[2w7f]], [[2w7i]] – GsSHMT (mutant) + PLP <br />
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[[3g8m]] – EcSHMT (mutant) + PLP – ''Eschericha coli'' <br />
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[[4j5u]] – SHMT + PLP derivative – ''Rickettsia rickettsia''<br />
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[[4n0w]] - BcSHMT + PLP <br />
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===SHMT + PLP binary complex===
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[[1dfo]] – EcSHMT + formyl hydrofolate + pyridoxyl-glycine monophosphate <br />
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[[1kkp]] – GsSHMT + serine + PLP <br />
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[[1yjy]], [[2vgu]], [[2via]], [[2vmt]], [[2vmw]], [[2w7k]] – GsSHMT (mutant) + serine + PLP <br />
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[[2vmx]], [[2w7g]], [[2w7l]] – GsSHMT (mutant) + threonine + PLP <br />
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[[1kl1]] – GsSHMT + glycine + PLP <br />
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[[1yjs]], [[2vgt]], [[2vgv]], [[2vgw]], [[2vi9]], [[2vib]], [[2vmo]], [[2vmq]], [[2vms]], [[2vmu]], [[2vmz]], [[2w7e]], [[2w7h]], [[2w7j]], [[2w7m]] – GsSHMT (mutant) + glycine + PLP <br />
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===SHMT + PLP ternary complex===
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[[1kl2]] – GsSHMT + formyl hydrofolate + glycine + PLP <br />
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[[2vmy]] – GsSHMT (mutant) + formyl hydrofolate + glycine + PLP <br />
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[[1kl2]] – EcSHMT + formyl hydrofolate + glycine + PLP <br />
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=References=
=References=
<references/>
<references/>
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[[Category:Topic Page]]

Revision as of 09:16, 5 March 2014

Structure of Serine hydroxymethyltransferase isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus complex with PLP (PDB code 1kkj).

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