Alanine racemase (AR) catalyzes the racemization of L-alanine to D-alanine. AR uses pyridoxal-5’-phosphate (PLP) as a cofactor. PLP binds to a lysine residue of AR. AR participates in alanine and aspartate metabolism. The antibiotic D-cycloserine is an effective inhibitor of AR.
3D Structures of alanine racemase
Updated on 14-August-2014
Alanine racemase
3uw6 – GsAR – Geobacillus stearothermophilus
3hur – OoAR - Oenococcus oeni
3oo2 – SaAR - Staphyloococcus aureus
4bhy – AhAR – Aeromonas hydrophila
Alanine racemase complexes containing PLP
1sft – GsAR + PLP
2sfp – GsAR + PLP + propionate inhibitor
1l6f, 1l6g – GsAR + PLP-alanine
1xqk – GsAR (mutant) + PLP derivative
1xql – GsAR (mutant) + PLP + pyridoxamine phosphate + pyridoxamine phosphate hydroxyisoxazole
1vfh – SlAR + PLP – Streptomyces lavendulae
1xfc – AR + PLP – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2dy3 – AR + PLP – Corynebacterium glutamicum
3ha1 – BaAR + lysine-PLP
3kw3 – AR + lysine-PLP - Bartonella henselae
3s46 – AR + lysine-PLP - Streptococcus pneumoniae
1rcq – AR + lysine-PLP - Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2odo – AR + lysine-PLP - Pseudomonas fluorescens
2rjg – EcAR + PLP - Escherichia coli
3b8t, 3b8u, 3b8v, 3b8w – EcAR (mutant) + PLP
3co8 – OoAR + PLP
4a3q – SaAR + PLP
3e5p – EfAR + PLP - Enterococcus faecalis
4beu – VcAR + PLP – Vibrio cholerae
4beq – VcAR (mutant) + PLP
4bf5 – AhAR + PLP
Alanine racemase complexes not containing PLP
1bd0, 1ftx – GsAR + alanine phosphonate
1epv, 1niu – GsAR + cycloserine inhibitor
2rjh – EcAR + cycloserine inhibitor
3e6e – EfAR + cycloserine inhibitor
1vfs, 1vft – SlAR + cycloserine inhibitor
2vd8, 2vd9 – BaAR + inhibitor – Bacillus anthracis
