Structural highlights
Function
[CHS2_MEDSA] The primary product of this enzyme is 4,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone (also termed naringenin-chalcone or chalcone) which can under specific conditions spontaneously isomerize into naringenin.[1] [2] [3] [4]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Chalcone synthase (CHS) is pivotal for the biosynthesis of flavonoid antimicrobial phytoalexins and anthocyanin pigments in plants. It produces chalcone by condensing one p-coumaroyl- and three malonyl-coenzyme A thioesters into a polyketide reaction intermediate that cyclizes. The crystal structures of CHS alone and complexed with substrate and product analogs reveal the active site architecture that defines the sequence and chemistry of multiple decarboxylation and condensation reactions and provides a molecular understanding of the cyclization reaction leading to chalcone synthesis. The structure of CHS complexed with resveratrol also suggests how stilbene synthase, a related enzyme, uses the same substrates and an alternate cyclization pathway to form resveratrol. By using the three-dimensional structure and the large database of CHS-like sequences, we can identify proteins likely to possess novel substrate and product specificity. The structure elucidates the chemical basis of plant polyketide biosynthesis and provides a framework for engineering CHS-like enzymes to produce new products.
Structure of chalcone synthase and the molecular basis of plant polyketide biosynthesis.,Ferrer JL, Jez JM, Bowman ME, Dixon RA, Noel JP Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Aug;6(8):775-84. PMID:10426957[5]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Jez JM, Ferrer JL, Bowman ME, Dixon RA, Noel JP. Dissection of malonyl-coenzyme A decarboxylation from polyketide formation in the reaction mechanism of a plant polyketide synthase. Biochemistry. 2000 Feb 8;39(5):890-902. PMID:10653632
- ↑ Jez JM, Bowman ME, Noel JP. Structure-guided programming of polyketide chain-length determination in chalcone synthase. Biochemistry. 2001 Dec 11;40(49):14829-38. PMID:11732902
- ↑ Jez JM, Bowman ME, Noel JP. Expanding the biosynthetic repertoire of plant type III polyketide synthases by altering starter molecule specificity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 16;99(8):5319-24. PMID:11959984 doi:10.1073/pnas.082590499
- ↑ Austin MB, Bowman ME, Ferrer JL, Schroder J, Noel JP. An aldol switch discovered in stilbene synthases mediates cyclization specificity of type III polyketide synthases. Chem Biol. 2004 Sep;11(9):1179-94. PMID:15380179 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.05.024
- ↑ Ferrer JL, Jez JM, Bowman ME, Dixon RA, Noel JP. Structure of chalcone synthase and the molecular basis of plant polyketide biosynthesis. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Aug;6(8):775-84. PMID:10426957 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/11553
