| Structural highlights
Function
[PDE9A_HUMAN] Hydrolyzes the second messenger cGMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.[1]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitors have shown activity in preclinical models of cognition with potential application as novel therapies for treating Alzheimer's disease. Our clinical candidate, PF-04447943 (2), demonstrated acceptable CNS permeability in rats with modest asymmetry between central and peripheral compartments (free brain/free plasma = 0.32; CSF/free plasma = 0.19) yet had physicochemical properties outside the range associated with traditional CNS drugs. To address the potential risk of restricted CNS penetration with 2 in human clinical trials, we sought to identify a preclinical candidate with no asymmetry in rat brain penetration and that could advance into development. Merging the medicinal chemistry strategies of structure-based design with parallel chemistry, a novel series of PDE9A inhibitors was identified that showed improved selectivity over PDE1C. Optimization afforded preclinical candidate 19 that demonstrated free brain/free plasma >/= 1 in rat and reduced microsomal clearance along with the ability to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphosphate levels in rat CSF.
Application of structure-based drug design and parallel chemistry to identify selective, brain penetrant, in vivo active phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitors.,Claffey MM, Helal CJ, Verhoest PR, Kang Z, Fors KS, Jung S, Zhong J, Bundesmann MW, Hou X, Lui S, Kleiman RJ, Vanase-Frawley M, Schmidt AW, Menniti F, Schmidt CJ, Hoffman WE, Hajos M, McDowell L, O'Connor RE, Macdougall-Murphy M, Fonseca KR, Becker SL, Nelson FR, Liras S J Med Chem. 2012 Nov 8;55(21):9055-68. doi: 10.1021/jm3009635. Epub 2012 Oct 12. PMID:23025719[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Liu S, Mansour MN, Dillman KS, Perez JR, Danley DE, Aeed PA, Simons SP, Lemotte PK, Menniti FS. Structural basis for the catalytic mechanism of human phosphodiesterase 9. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 9;105(36):13309-14. Epub 2008 Aug 29. PMID:18757755
- ↑ Claffey MM, Helal CJ, Verhoest PR, Kang Z, Fors KS, Jung S, Zhong J, Bundesmann MW, Hou X, Lui S, Kleiman RJ, Vanase-Frawley M, Schmidt AW, Menniti F, Schmidt CJ, Hoffman WE, Hajos M, McDowell L, O'Connor RE, Macdougall-Murphy M, Fonseca KR, Becker SL, Nelson FR, Liras S. Application of structure-based drug design and parallel chemistry to identify selective, brain penetrant, in vivo active phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2012 Nov 8;55(21):9055-68. doi: 10.1021/jm3009635. Epub 2012 Oct 12. PMID:23025719 doi:10.1021/jm3009635
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