4g5o

Structural highlights

Disease

[GNAI3_HUMAN] Defects in GNAI3 are the cause of auriculocondylar syndrome 1 (ARCND1) [MIM:602483]. ARCND1 is an autosomal dominant craniofacial malformation syndrome characterized by variable mandibular anomalies, including mild to severe micrognathia, temporomandibular joint ankylosis, cleft palate, and a characteristic ear malformation that consists of separation of the lobule from the external ear, giving the appearance of a question mark (question-mark ear). Other frequently described features include prominent cheeks, cupped and posteriorly rotated ears, preauricular tags, and microstomia.^[1]

Function

[GNAI3_HUMAN] Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. G(k) is the stimulatory G protein of receptor-regulated K(+) channels. The active GTP-bound form prevents the association of RGS14 with centrosomes and is required for the translocation of RGS14 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. May play a role in cell division.^[2] [GPSM2_MOUSE] Plays an important role in spindle pole orientation (By similarity). Interacts and contributes to the functional activity of G(i) alpha proteins. Acts to stabilize the apical complex during neuroblast divisions.

See Also

• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein

References

1. ↑ Rieder MJ, Green GE, Park SS, Stamper BD, Gordon CT, Johnson JM, Cunniff CM, Smith JD, Emery SB, Lyonnet S, Amiel J, Holder M, Heggie AA, Bamshad MJ, Nickerson DA, Cox TC, Hing AV, Horst JA, Cunningham ML. A human homeotic transformation resulting from mutations in PLCB4 and GNAI3 causes auriculocondylar syndrome. Am J Hum Genet. 2012 May 4;90(5):907-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.04.002. PMID:22560091 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.04.002
2. ↑ Cho H, Kehrl JH. Localization of Gi alpha proteins in the centrosomes and at the midbody: implication for their role in cell division. J Cell Biol. 2007 Jul 16;178(2):245-55. PMID:17635935 doi:10.1083/jcb.200604114