2h9w

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[[Image:2h9w.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2h9w" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
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[[Image:2h9w.jpg|left|200px]]
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caption="2h9w, resolution 1.82&Aring;" />
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'''Green fluorescent protein ground states: the influence of a second protonation site near the chromophore'''<br />
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{{Structure
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|PDB= 2h9w |SIZE=350|CAPTION= <scene name='initialview01'>2h9w</scene>, resolution 1.82&Aring;
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|SITE=
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|LIGAND= <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE ION'>SO4</scene>
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|ACTIVITY=
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|GENE= GFP ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=6100 Aequorea victoria])
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}}
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'''Green fluorescent protein ground states: the influence of a second protonation site near the chromophore'''
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==Overview==
==Overview==
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==About this Structure==
==About this Structure==
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2H9W is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aequorea_victoria Aequorea victoria] with <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:'>SO4</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2H9W OCA].
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2H9W is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aequorea_victoria Aequorea victoria]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2H9W OCA].
==Reference==
==Reference==
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Green fluorescent protein ground states: the influence of a second protonation site near the chromophore., Bizzarri R, Nifosi R, Abbruzzetti S, Rocchia W, Guidi S, Arosio D, Garau G, Campanini B, Grandi E, Ricci F, Viappiani C, Beltram F, Biochemistry. 2007 May 8;46(18):5494-504. Epub 2007 Apr 17. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=17439158 17439158]
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Green fluorescent protein ground states: the influence of a second protonation site near the chromophore., Bizzarri R, Nifosi R, Abbruzzetti S, Rocchia W, Guidi S, Arosio D, Garau G, Campanini B, Grandi E, Ricci F, Viappiani C, Beltram F, Biochemistry. 2007 May 8;46(18):5494-504. Epub 2007 Apr 17. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17439158 17439158]
[[Category: Aequorea victoria]]
[[Category: Aequorea victoria]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
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[[Category: ph]]
[[Category: ph]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 17:39:41 2008''
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Mar 20 17:14:27 2008''

Revision as of 15:14, 20 March 2008

Image:2h9w.jpg


PDB ID 2h9w

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate
, resolution 1.82Å
Ligands:
Gene: GFP (Aequorea victoria)
Coordinates: save as pdb, mmCIF, xml



Green fluorescent protein ground states: the influence of a second protonation site near the chromophore


Overview

The photophysical properties of most green fluorescent protein mutants (GFPs) are strongly affected by pH. This effect must be carefully taken into account when using GFPs as fluorescent probes or indicators. Usually, the pH-dependence of GFPs is rationalized on the basis of the ionization equilibrium of the chromophore phenol group. Yet many different mutants show spectral behavior that cannot be explained by ionization of this group alone. In this study, we propose a general model of protonation comprising two ionization sites (2S model). Steady-state optical measurements at different pH and temperature and pH-jump relaxation experiments were combined to highlight the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of paradigmatically different GFP variants. Our experiments support the 2S model. For the case of mutants in which E222 is the second protonation site, thermodynamic coupling between this residue's and the chromophore's ionization reactions was demonstrated. In agreement with the 2S model predictions, X-ray analysis of one of these mutants showed the presence of two chromophore populations at high pH.

About this Structure

2H9W is a Single protein structure of sequence from Aequorea victoria. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.

Reference

Green fluorescent protein ground states: the influence of a second protonation site near the chromophore., Bizzarri R, Nifosi R, Abbruzzetti S, Rocchia W, Guidi S, Arosio D, Garau G, Campanini B, Grandi E, Ricci F, Viappiani C, Beltram F, Biochemistry. 2007 May 8;46(18):5494-504. Epub 2007 Apr 17. PMID:17439158

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