2a1j

Structural highlights

Disease

[ERCC4_HUMAN] Defects in ERCC4 are the cause of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group F (XP-F) [MIM:278760]; also known as xeroderma pigmentosum VI (XP6). XP-F is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by hypersensitivity of the skin to sunlight followed by high incidence of skin cancer and frequent neurologic abnormalities.^{[1] [2] [3]} Defects in ERCC4 are a cause of XFE progeroid syndrome (XFEPS) [MIM:610965]. This syndrome is illustrated by one patient who presented with dwarfism, cachexia and microcephaly.^[4] [ERCC1_HUMAN] Defects in ERCC1 are the cause of cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome type 4 (COFS4) [MIM:610758]. COFS is a degenerative autosomal recessive disorder of prenatal onset affecting the brain, eye and spinal cord. After birth, it leads to brain atrophy, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, hypotonia, cataracts, microcornea, optic atrophy, progressive joint contractures and growth failure. Facial dysmorphism is a constant feature. Abnormalities of the skull, eyes, limbs, heart and kidney also occur.^[5]

Function

[ERCC4_HUMAN] Structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease responsible for the 5-prime incision during DNA repair. Involved in homologous recombination that assists in removing interstrand cross-link.^[6] [ERCC1_HUMAN] Structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease responsible for the 5'-incision during DNA repair.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Endonuclease

References

1. ↑ Sijbers AM, de Laat WL, Ariza RR, Biggerstaff M, Wei YF, Moggs JG, Carter KC, Shell BK, Evans E, de Jong MC, Rademakers S, de Rooij J, Jaspers NG, Hoeijmakers JH, Wood RD. Xeroderma pigmentosum group F caused by a defect in a structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease. Cell. 1996 Sep 6;86(5):811-22. PMID:8797827
2. ↑ Matsumura Y, Nishigori C, Yagi T, Imamura S, Takebe H. Characterization of molecular defects in xeroderma pigmentosum group F in relation to its clinically mild symptoms. Hum Mol Genet. 1998 Jun;7(6):969-74. PMID:9580660
3. ↑ Sijbers AM, van Voorst Vader PC, Snoek JW, Raams A, Jaspers NG, Kleijer WJ. Homozygous R788W point mutation in the XPF gene of a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum and late-onset neurologic disease. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 May;110(5):832-6. PMID:9579555 doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00171.x
4. ↑ Niedernhofer LJ, Garinis GA, Raams A, Lalai AS, Robinson AR, Appeldoorn E, Odijk H, Oostendorp R, Ahmad A, van Leeuwen W, Theil AF, Vermeulen W, van der Horst GT, Meinecke P, Kleijer WJ, Vijg J, Jaspers NG, Hoeijmakers JH. A new progeroid syndrome reveals that genotoxic stress suppresses the somatotroph axis. Nature. 2006 Dec 21;444(7122):1038-43. PMID:17183314 doi:nature05456
5. ↑ Jaspers NG, Raams A, Silengo MC, Wijgers N, Niedernhofer LJ, Robinson AR, Giglia-Mari G, Hoogstraten D, Kleijer WJ, Hoeijmakers JH, Vermeulen W. First reported patient with human ERCC1 deficiency has cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome with a mild defect in nucleotide excision repair and severe developmental failure. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Mar;80(3):457-66. Epub 2007 Jan 29. PMID:17273966 doi:S0002-9297(07)60094-9
6. ↑ Svendsen JM, Smogorzewska A, Sowa ME, O'Connell BC, Gygi SP, Elledge SJ, Harper JW. Mammalian BTBD12/SLX4 assembles a Holliday junction resolvase and is required for DNA repair. Cell. 2009 Jul 10;138(1):63-77. PMID:19596235 doi:S0092-8674(09)00777-6
7. ↑ Tsodikov OV, Enzlin JH, Scharer OD, Ellenberger T. Crystal structure and DNA binding functions of ERCC1, a subunit of the DNA structure-specific endonuclease XPF-ERCC1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 9;102(32):11236-41. Epub 2005 Aug 2. PMID:16076955